The Gap Between Scientist And Practitioner - 990 Words

The gap between scientist and practitioner seems to be increasing due to the increase in unsubstantiated treatment techniques. This increase contributes to be one of the primary concerns for clinical psychology because these unsubstantiated treatment techniques are being implemented in practices when they lack scientific research. In the majority of these cases, these questionable treatments or practices lack critical evaluation. Additionally, self-help programs that produce books, manuals, and audiotapes (or even talk show hosts on television) promise solutions or offer advice to complex life problems without proper scientific validation. The issues and concerns with these emerging questionable practices branches into the psychological assessment and diagnosis of a patient as well. While statistical formulas are superior to clinical judgment, most practitioners continue to use their sole judgment and interpretations based on assessment instruments that are questionable from a scien tific perspective. While some of these questionable practices may actually be effective, the claimant is responsible for the burden of proof. However; in other cases, these questionable cases can be ineffective and produce harm to clinical patients. These questionable practices or pseudoscientific techniques can produce harm in three primary ways. The first issue is that the pseudoscientific techniques can harm or cause death to the patient. It is important to note that doing something may notShow MoreRelatedEssay on Pci Assignment1686 Words   |  7 PagesExploring the scientist-practitioner (SP) ideal Student name: Sara Van Hooydonk Student i.d: 800452214 Due date: 25.5.2012 word count: 1,503 Exploring the scientist-practitioner ideal The scientist practitioner model has been particularly helpful towards the professional training of psychologists since its formulation in 1949 (HayesRead MoreThe Science And Practice Gap Essay964 Words   |  4 PagesClosing the science-to-practice gap requires that research is accessible and useful. But, practitioners must also have knowledge of what constitutes â€Å"good research† and know how to make use it in their particular settings. In this view, the science-to-practice gap is co-constructed by scientists and practitioners. Scientists are often not explicit about the implications of their research for practice or how to make the findings applicable in â€Å"the real world.† Practitioners are often not proficient inRead MoreThe Relevance Of Translational Research1555 Words   |  7 Pagessocial significance. Translational Research A statement made by Jong-Wook (2005) sums up very well the problem gap that is between research and practice, that is, to act upon something without having knowledge and understanding is a lost cause and to have knowledge without acting upon it is a waste of resourcefulness. The aim of translational research is to bridge the gap between what we have discovered in basic science and implement them into clinical application to improve human condition.Read MoreRole And Responsibilities As A Dnp Practice Scholar1704 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to the national leaders in major healthcare fields, mentioned a gap between research and practice and the importance to apply research findings and engage in evidence-based practice. In order to translate this knowledge, the clinician must understand the healthcare delivery in order to help narrow the research-to-practice gap and transform health care. DNP-prepared nurses are trained to reduce the research-to-practice gap. Because most nurse la ck knowledge to critically appraise research studiesRead MoreCommunity Proposal For A Community975 Words   |  4 Pagesinternationally recognized experts in infectious disease research and strengthen long-lasting partnerships with Indigenous communities, newcomer organizations, and industry and health practitioners. Through culturally-informed approaches, the NCE will generate solutions for some of Canada’s most urgent health challenges and fill critical gaps in infectious disease research surrounding tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, chlamydia and gonorrhea, to more effectively translate and accelerate early discovery and clinical researchRead MoreThe Role Of Scientific Research On The Performance And Health Of Athletes953 Words   |  4 PagesGlasgow (2003) suggested that there is a gap between research and practice, and can be a consequence of issues such as limited resources and time of the practitioners and/or the lack of incentives for the use of evidence-based practice. Evidence-Informed Research and Applied Practice Only the presence of staff with scientific background within sports organisations confirms the influence and importance of research in today’s sport. Sport and Exercise Scientists (SES) and performance consultants areRead MoreHuman Wildlife Conflicts in Kenya1511 Words   |  7 Pages 2004, and was attended by approximately 3,000 protected area experts, practitioners, and decision makers. The 5th WPC brought human–wildlife conflict (HWC) to the global stage as part of an effort to address current challenges facing protected area management and conservation. The HWC recommendation was informed by a technical workshop that was part of the WPC proceedings. The workshop entitled â€Å"Creating Coexistence Between Humans and Wildlife: Global Perspectives on Local Efforts to Address Human-WildlifeRead MoreThe Evolution Of Medicine And Healthcare1181 Words   |  5 PagesThe main point of the reading is to show the evolution of medicine and healthcare. As a result from r esearching HeLa, scientists were able to contribute to the development of vaccines and cures to disease. Some examples of these discoveries are the polio vaccine, HPV vaccine, and different links of cancer to other illnesses. In addition to these discovers, regulations and standards were implemented in health policies. These contributions to medicine lengthened overall life expectancy and improvedRead MoreThe Psychology Of Childhood Social And Emotional Development1103 Words   |  5 Pagesbehaviors in any given situation. My research is based on the psychology of childhood social and emotional development, and adolescence. Like a lot of things in psychology and this world, this has led my research to prove their is a direct correlation between social and emotional development in children and the entirety of adolescence. Emotional development during childhood is a crucial step in the early stages of life. This process is needed for success in adulthood and throughout life. EmotionalRead MoreThe Crisis Management Of Philippines Essay894 Words   |  4 Pagesauthor stated that there was an absence of solid foundation, inability to distill foreign values, and the â€Å"disconnects† between national culture and local articulation have resulted in the â€Å"adulteration† of Philippine management culture. This culture gap might have been the responsible for the country’s slower pace of development. The adulteration being referred to is the stark between Asian traditions and Western practices. Hechanova’s (2012) journal article was published by Philippine Journal of

Social Disorganization Theory And Racial Inequality

Introduction There has been serval research studies that are dedicated to describing the social disorganization theory and racial inequality, that are so often found in certain communities, but although there are serval studies done there seems to be very little data to support racial inequality. The ethnic and racial minorities are always overrepresented when we look at violent crimes, arrests, and other criminal acts or behavior within the lower class communities or neighborhoods, because of the high attentiveness of ethnic and racial minority groups (Sampson et al., 2005). Other researches have taken a look at, to what extent does social disorganization factors such as ethnic heterogeneity in neighborhoods; poverty; dilapidated housing; single families’ homes; and socioeconomic status might influence criminal acts/behaviors that are committed by racial and ethnic minorities (Sampson Wilson, 1995; Sampson Groves, 1989; Shaw McKay, 1929). For example Shaw and McKay (1929) who we can consider the father of social disorganization theory, found that it was not ethnicity or race that influenced these groups involvement in crime, but rather the social disorganization and its location within the area that affected the crime rates. Within this research we will attempt to find ways gain and understanding as to why these areas tend to be more affected than others, and to examine ways to address the lack of support of Social disorganization and racial inequality withinShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Social Disorganization Theory908 Words   |  4 Pages A mong the different explanations proposed, there is a predominant theory: the theory of social disorganization. As described by Dr. Rengifo (2009), the social disorganization theory, forwarded by Clifford Shaw and Henry McKay (1942), suggests that the variation in crime rates is linked to the weakened social integration of neighbourhoods which is a result of the presence of delinquent subcultures and structural factors on social interactions that lead to the absence of self-regulatory mechanismsRead MoreHow The Social Structure Affect Social Impact Social Apathy And The Lack Of Delinquent Opportunity Within Their Neighborhood Essay872 Words   |  4 Pagesand offer support that will also explicate how the social structure can affect/impact social disorganization and inequality in these neighborhoods very differently, in addition to how other structure contexts might help to lead to violent outcomes† (Cancino, Martinez Jr., Stowell, 2009, para. 10-11). There by this quantitative research overall objective, is to gain some type of understanding that will help to explain if the neighborhood social processes, crime rates, and the lack of delinquentRead MoreHigh School Dropout Levels951 Words   |  4 Pagesgive public safety leaders an idea of how this can impact inequality (e.g. high school dropout levels, kids having kids, lack of parental guidance, etc.). Then we need to examine the communities to see what type of living environment is within those communities, like â€Å"Broken Windows (theory)†, meaning are there dilapidated homes, or cars heavily in their communities? Are their gang activities in the neighborhood, if so what is the racial makeup of these gangs? Next the research will also examineRead MoreCrime Rates Between Neighbourhoods With Low Poverty1711 Words   |  7 Pagesfar, both theories are able to explain the crime inequality observed insides neighbourhoods; however, when it comes to explaining the difference in crime rates between neighbourhoods with similarly low levels of poverty, social disorganization theory is not able to fully explain why such difference may occur, as it places a greater focus on the internal dynamics of the neighbourhoods than on the external contingencies (Peterson Krivo, 2010, p. 92). Based on Table 4.5 of Divergent Social Worlds: NeighborhoodRead MoreThe Social Disorganization Theory Is An Intriguing Theory976 Words   |  4 PagesThe Social Disorganization theory is an intriguing theory that can be seen in our society today. This theory states that â€Å"disorganized communities cause crime because informal social controls break down and criminal cultures emerge† (Cullen 6). The city of Ch icago was the predominate focus upon the construction of this theory. The reasoning for this was because Chicago was the fastest growing population in the 19th century, a population starting at 5,000 in 1800 and growing to 2 million in 1900,Read MoreThe Social Disorganization Theory Of Crime1141 Words   |  5 Pages One of the most important and well-studied criminological theories intended to explain and predict crime rates is social disorganization theory (Sampson 2012). The social disorganization theory of crime was originally articulated by Shaw and McKay (1942) to explain differences in neighborhood crime rates among juvenile delinquents in concentric zones in the Chicago metropolitan area. They found that some areas had consistently high crime rates and juvenile arrests over time despite population changesRead MoreLabeling Theory And Its Effect On The Individual1233 Words   |  5 Pages1) The labeling theory basically categorize individuals who breaks the laws or commit crime. The purpose of the labeling is to cause social humiliation so the individual want commit the crime again. Labels are placed on individuals who commit crime to reduce repeat offenses. A person of prestige that has a high ranking social class is the individual that usually determines how labels are applied. Labeling theory can have a negative effect on the individual who is categorized, the ind ividual is moreRead MoreGang Leader For A Day957 Words   |  4 PagesThe majority of black communities in 1989 were among the poorest neighbourhoods in Chicago. Approximately 20% of black people were unemployed, compared to only 5.4% of unemployed white people (Street,2007). These statistics represent racial inequality which caused a lot of internal, and external damage to the black population. Rogue Sociologist, Sudhir Venkatesh’s (2008) novel called Gang Leader for a Day, reveals this disparity. In 1989 Sudhir participated in qualitative research, by studying theRead MorePoverty, Social Disorganization And Their Effects On Crime Rates1444 Words   |  6 PagesAssignment #1 Poverty, Social Disorganization and Their Effects on Crime Rates SOC1A06 Professor Sandra Colavecchia Joseph Murray 400016517 Tuesday, October 20th 2015Part B Article 1 Hannon, L. (2002). Criminal opportunity theory and the relationship between poverty and property crime. Sociological Spectrum, 22(3), 363-381. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02732170290062676 Hannon, Analyzes the level of poverty present in neighbourhoods in Austin, Texas and Seattle, Washington and the rates ofRead MoreEssay about Social Disorginization theory 1296 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Social Disorganization theory was developed in the mid 1940’s by Clifford Shaw and Henry McKay while they were researchers studying at the Institute for Social Research in Chicago. Shaw and McKay (1942) based their research of the study of crime in Chicago off of the work that Ernest Burgess theorized in how urban areas grow through a process of continual expansion from their inner core toward outlying areas. According to Cullen and Agnew (20011) one of the primary arguments in the social disorganization

Reflective Paper Organisational Dialogue Free Essays

Huhtamaki – Reflective Paper During the interview, the Chief Executive Officer (Brad) and plant manager (Simon) devoted a considerable amount of time to our communication analysis of their plant. I hadn’t expected two executives to become so involved with a University case study, and to discuss their credo, mission statements, strategies, and—of critical importance to me—internal communication strategy, in so much detail. Gerard Ellinor (2001) stress that authentic leaders need to practise and execute dialogue, and to me, this was what Brad and Simon were doing: showing their authentic leadership through dialogue. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflective Paper Organisational Dialogue or any similar topic only for you Order Now I thought this may have been purely for our benefit, but after four hours, beginning with introductory meetings and followed by interviews and a shop floor tour, it became apparent that management was striving to develop a learning culture. I began to understand that management is about creating an environment to communicate through different mediums: verbal and visual in varying forums; formal meetings, face-to-face meetings, and graphical representations of key messages on the shop floor and around the offices. This essay will reflect my case study experience of the role of dialogue as a tool within Huhtamaki for fostering dialogic communication and developing a learning culture within the organisation. Furthermore, I will highlight the limitations associated with dialogue and with resistive employees who refuse to engage. I had a preconceived idea that management would have a top-down hierarchal structure, with a ‘closed door’ communication policy based on research from Swink Way (1995), Downs Adrian (2004) and Clarke (2006). On the contrary, I found management offered an ‘open door’ policy. For example, Brad and Simon understand that organisational effectiveness is dependent upon communication across subcultural boundaries. Therefore, they offer an open door policy, where any employee could approach them to discuss any issues without consequences. Given the traditional hierarchal structure of a typical manufacturing plant with leading hands, supervisors and union delegates, I thought allowing shop floor employees to communicate directly with management an unconventional approach. Schein (1993) states that dialogue begins with creating a sense of equality, and this is what Brad and Simon are striving to achieve within their organisation. According to my understanding, they are creating an environment where employees feel comfortable in communicating, and moving away from the erstwhile problems associated with communication via union delegates, which has often caused industrial disputes and created subcultural differences between management and shop floor employees. Amy (2008) states in her research study that management needs to adopt an informal and approachable communication style. I found it interesting that this is the strategy that Brad and Simon have adopted to aid in changing the organisational culture. In order to move away from a ‘them and us’ attitude, they focused on creating an open, trusting environment which fosters learning. Simon in particular encourages employees to be upfront, and to discuss problems or issues. However, he does not merely provide solutions: he fosters dialogic communication by engaging the employees with questions until they come to realise the answers themselves. I thought this might create awkward situations if the employees could not find answers. But my concern was dismissed; Simon coaches and mentors employees to think about issues or mistakes, and ensures they develop a solution for themselves, thus creating a learning environment. Management’s ‘open door’ policy was not the only means for communication. Management scheduled a daily team meeting, weekly production meetings, and monthly ‘tool box’ meetings, where organisational issues were discussed in more detail. My first impression was that there were too many meetings. When would employees have time to get any work done, if they were continually involved in meetings with colleagues from different departments? I soon learned that this was a necessary step, as not all employees have access to email. Management has to rely on face-to-face verbal communication to ensure that messages are communicated, received, and most importantly, understood. Furthermore, to communicate with employees with no access to email, management used the hallway between the cafeteria and shop floor as a ‘communication corridor,’ posting organisational information alongside safety, quality, production efficacy and operational information. I recall seeing very detailed graphs, charts and statistics, and wondered whether the average shop floor employee would be able to interpret and analyse this data. Simon stated that it was necessary to communicate the same messages continuously in order to engage employees, both verbally in meetings and visually around the work place. I discovered that during most meetings, unless an employee was directly involved in the conversation, he or she would not engage in dialogue. This concerned me; as Schein (1993) states, leaders need to motivate to engage, as employees may not volunteer to engage in dialogue. I now struggled to understand why was it so difficult to engage the employees in dialogue. They would not engage in dialogue during formal meetings and relied on informal face-to-face meetings, where quite often, they needed to be coached to engage in a two-way conversation to find solutions. I felt that management was providing every possible opportunity for employees to be able to communicate with employees, but nonetheless, a communication culture had not successfully been created. Gerard Ellinor (2001) state that dialogue is not something that can be forced upon employees; they need to participate willingly, and if dialogue is introduced into a hostile environment, it can fail. I could see that management was creating a safe environment in which to communicate, but soon realised that other parts of the workplace provided a different type of ambience. Part of our communication analysis was a tour around the shop floor, and one of the first things I noticed was the difference in body language between various employees. It was very evident as we walked past their workstations that some employees were open and approached management, while others ignored our presence, creating a feeling of tension. It was obvious that although management was trying to dilute the ‘them and us’ attitude, some employees were still bitter from past experiences of management. I now started to fully comprehend the views put forward by Gerard Ellinor (2001): that dialogue is a tool that requires time and knowledge of the working process. It needs to grow within the organisation. Although Brad and Simon have created a safe environment, they now need to focus on educating their employees in the process of dialogue and the benefits of dialogue in order to create a learning culture. Furthermore, I support the recommendations of Dixon (1998) for management to engage employees and involve them in the decision-making process. I would expect the employees to thereby see their input as valid and valued; consequently, they would have a personal interest in creating a greater understanding of issues and solutions. In consideration of the fact that Simon has had some success with the ‘open door’ policy, and that Brown Isaacs (1997) propose that learning is not happening during scheduled meetings or organised forums, but in less formal places, I still recommend developing dialogue during formal scheduled meetings. Management needs to focus on encouraging honest dialogue and transparency within formal meetings, as per Mazutis Slawski (2009). I feel this is a valid point, as face-to-face meetings are limited to certain employees with whom management has good rapport. Employees who are resistive to change and still foster a ‘them and us’ attitude will simply not approach management. I came to believe that Brad and Simon are authentic leaders, and have the capabilities to shape the culture of their organisation through dialogic communication. Reference List Amy H. Amy, 2008, ‘Leaders as facilitators of individual and organizational learning’, Leadership Organization Development Journal, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 212? 234. Brown, J. Isaacs, D. 1997, ‘Conversation as a core business process’, The Systems Thinker, vol. , no. 10, pp. 1? 6. Clarke, S. 2006, ‘Safety climate in an automobile manufacturing plant: the effects of work environment, job communication and safety attitudes on accidents and unsafe behaviour’, Personnel Review, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 413? 430. Dixon, N. M. 1998, Dialogue at Work. Making Talk Developmental for People and Organizations, Center for Creative Leadership, London. Downs, C. W. Adrian, A. D. 2004, Assessing organizational communication audits, Guilford Press, New York. Gerard, G. Ellinor, L. 001, Dialogue at Work: Skills for Leveraging Collective Understanding, Pegasus Communications, Waltham, MA. Mazutis, D. Slawinski, N. 2008, ‘Leading organisational learning through authentic dialogue’, Management Learning, vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 437? 456. Schein, E. 1993, ‘On Dialogue, Culture and organizational learning’, Organizational Dynamics, vol. 22, pp. 40? 51. Swink, M. Way, W. 1995, ‘Manufacturing strategy: propositions, current research, renewed directions’, International Journal of Operations Production Management, vol. 15, no. 7, pp. 4? 26. How to cite Reflective Paper Organisational Dialogue, Essay examples

Psychological Anthropology Essay Example For Students

Psychological Anthropology Essay Psychological anthropology is the study of individuals and their personalities and identities, within particular cultural contexts. In this paper I will identify two different cultures in the world which are the American and Japanese. Then, I will examine their traditions through various life cycles. Based on the behaviors, customs, and beliefs of each of the two cultures, I will discuss how personalities and identities are formed and shaped within the two different cultures. Finally, I will be giving two specific examples for each of the selected cultures. In Japan New Year is considered a family celebration. Most people go return to their home towns or parents homes. The majority of shops and restaurants close for 3 days, people start to prepare the traditional o-set chi ryouri during this time. Also there is what they call Adults Day which is a celebration for boys and girls who turn 20 in that year. What this means is that whoever turns 20 have the right to buy cigarettes and alcohol legally. In this occasion, ceremonies are held at temples and shrines and the girls wear a special way of dressing called kimono. Valentine’s Day is not the same concept as in Western customs; in Japan only women give gifts on Valentines Day. We will write a custom essay on Psychological Anthropology specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The norm is to give chocolate not only to their boyfriend or husband, but to any men among friends or fellow workers. The way it goes is that men have to give back double what they have received from the women one month later. Another celebration in Japan is Hina Matsuri which is held on March 3 of every year. It is a festival intended only for young girls. They bring these dolls and display them in the houses of unmarried girls. It is believed that these dolls bring good fortune to the unmarried girls. The superstition mentions that if the dolls are not hidden in their boxes before midnight, the girls in the house will never marry. White Day is the day when men have to give back the women what they have received from them in Valentine’s Day and of course the gift is doubled. The Japanese call it Knickers Giving Day and it is on March 14. The Japanese also hold memorial services for their dead at temples on the 7 days before the spring and autumn equinox and people visit their family graves. According to the Japanese Golden week is one of the 3 major holiday period in addition to the New Year and Obon (a Buddhist festival celebrating All Souls from July 13 to 31). It is called the Golden Week because it includes 3 public holidays within one week. Kodomo no hi which is on May 5 is devoted to boys only. So all the families with male children, fly paper streamers of carps called koinobori. To the Japanese it represents healthy growth. The children write poems or wishes on pieces of colored paper and attach them on tanabata trees. In addition, Japanese youths celebrate Halloween too but it is limited to wearing costumes in nightclubs in areas such as Roppongi or Shibuya in Tokyo and the kids are not allowed to trick and treat. The Japanese also have what is called Shichigosan. It is the tradition of taking boys who are 3 and 5 and girls who are 3 and 7 to be blessed at the local Shinto shrine and to thank for their good health and pray for future blessings. The kids wear beautiful colorful kimonos. Furthermore, Christmas is celebrated by the Japanese. They know Christmas, and if any one visits Japan during that time, decorations in supermarkets and department stores are the same as in any Western country, and some Japanese decorate Christmas trees in their houses. .ufb6502cd32bbd0ddd7b28aedec74c706 , .ufb6502cd32bbd0ddd7b28aedec74c706 .postImageUrl , .ufb6502cd32bbd0ddd7b28aedec74c706 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufb6502cd32bbd0ddd7b28aedec74c706 , .ufb6502cd32bbd0ddd7b28aedec74c706:hover , .ufb6502cd32bbd0ddd7b28aedec74c706:visited , .ufb6502cd32bbd0ddd7b28aedec74c706:active { border:0!important; } .ufb6502cd32bbd0ddd7b28aedec74c706 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufb6502cd32bbd0ddd7b28aedec74c706 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufb6502cd32bbd0ddd7b28aedec74c706:active , .ufb6502cd32bbd0ddd7b28aedec74c706:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufb6502cd32bbd0ddd7b28aedec74c706 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufb6502cd32bbd0ddd7b28aedec74c706 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufb6502cd32bbd0ddd7b28aedec74c706 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufb6502cd32bbd0ddd7b28aedec74c706 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufb6502cd32bbd0ddd7b28aedec74c706:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufb6502cd32bbd0ddd7b28aedec74c706 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufb6502cd32bbd0ddd7b28aedec74c706 .ufb6502cd32bbd0ddd7b28aedec74c706-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufb6502cd32bbd0ddd7b28aedec74c706:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Deviance EssayComing to the American people, they practice their culture in different ways like food, clothing, recreation, and ceremonies as well as the education system and institutions of learning, including museums and libraries. They appreciate art in its different forms like visual, literary. American culture is rich, complex, and unique because it is a combination of different cultures at the same time. It started with the Europeans who came seeking religious freedom. Of course the Europeans brought with them their cultural patterns, especially language, the arts, and political institutions. Africans, Asian, and North Americans also contributed to the American culture without any doubt. All of these groups affected in their own ways the tastes in music, dress, entertainment, as well as cuisine. For this reason, American culture has a mixture of patterns and forms extracted from its diverse peoples. But the American culture has not always been in harmony with each other, because it’s â€Å"complexity has created a society that struggles to achieve tolerance and produces a uniquely casual personal style that identifies Americans everywhere† (http://www. mericanfamilytraditions. com). Democracy is one of the assets that America is proud of as well as equality. These characteristics emerged in the American environment long before occurring in European societies. Americans cherish and engage in cultural activities. They are good readers of different books and magazines providing a variety of tastes and interests. They like to visit museums, operas, and ballets. They listen to country and classical music, jazz and folk music, as well as classic rock-and-roll and new wave. As to sports, Americans play basketball, football, baseball, and soccer games. Without any doubt, Americans enjoy food and they have a wide range of foreign cuisines, such as Chinese, Thai, Greek, French, Indian, Mexican, Italian, Ethiopian, Cuban and Mediterranean. These restaurants are all over the country. So tourists will never feel alienated because they will always find something that ties them back to their own countries. In addition to the different cuisines, they have also developed their own regional foods, such as California cuisine and Southwestern, Creole, and Southern cooking. We can proudly say that â€Å"Still evolving and drawing upon its ever more diverse population, American culture has come to symbolize what is most up-to-date and modern. American culture has also become increasingly international and is imported by countries around the world. Today American culture often sets the pace in modern style. † (http://www. americanfamilytraditions. com) References http://www. japan-guide. com http://www. americanfamilytraditions. com Miller, B. D. (2007). Cultural anthropology (Custom 4th ed. ). Boston: Allyn Bacon

Celcom Background free essay sample

This problem usually occurs during a festivals month and also when there is a celebration. However, it is disappointing when Celcom telecommunication network facing this problem, they could not handle it properly. It had been revealed that Celcom has already noticed that the phone lines was down earlier in the morning but they still did not making any actions to solve this problem. This interruption had caused a sudden overloading and also loss of signal in some areas. It has been a daily issues for many of the mobile users regarding these sudden dropped calls. It may be a normal experience if it does not occur often. However, it had caused dissatisfactions and frustrated many of mobile phone users as this problems keep on happens without any actions taken by the Celcom Company. This problem is surely do not meet the company standard of quality of service and it will also make the users feels unhappy as they do not meet the company standard of quality of service and it will also make the users feels unhappy as they are receiving services which is not suitable with what they had being paid for. We will write a custom essay sample on Celcom Background or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As the compensations to the customers, Celcom show its appreciation by giving out some form of discount for customers who are experiencing sudden dropped call.

Marketing Research Energy Drink Market Brazil Essay Essay Example

Marketing Research Energy Drink Market Brazil Essay Essay The intent of this research was to measure possible chances of administering new energy drink V-Fusion+Energy ® in Brazil. Having performed secondary market research. we were able to analyse economic. political. legal. cultural. and societal factors that affect Brazil’s concern environment. We besides explored current market chances in Brazil and performed elaborate analysis of energy drink industry in Brazil and competition. During the research we gathered secondary informations published by US and Brazilian authorities bureaus. US Commercial Service. selling research bureaus. every bit good as information from concern intelligence and private companies’ web sites ( such as Coca-Cola. Red Bull. etc ) . Based on collected information. we concluded that although there is a figure of challenges in the Brazilian market that create complex concern environment and obstructions for US exporters. energy drink industry in Brazil is in origin phase and therefore offers a good growing potency. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Research Energy Drink Market Brazil Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Research Energy Drink Market Brazil Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Research Energy Drink Market Brazil Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer After choosing and specifying the mark market. we were able to develop proposals for international promotional scheme. to depict concern and selling challenges and to supply elaborate solution options. INTRODUCTION V-Fusion+Energy ® is a new energy drink made with fruit and vegetable juice and green tea infusion. It is a healthy option to high-caffeine and high-sugar energy drinks because it contains one combined helping of veggies and fruit. is an first-class beginning of B vitamins. has merely 50 Calories and no added sugar or unreal colourss. spirits or preservatives. The merchandise presently distributed in United States ( Wal-Mart and other food market and retail shops ) . The intent of this research is to research chances of administering V-Fusion+Energy ® in Brazil. We selected Brazil as a possible market because it is Latin America’s biggest economic system accounting for 60 % of its GDP and 7th largest economic system in the universe with population of about 200 million. strong domestic demand for American goods and turning in-between category. With GDP growing of about $ 2. 5 trillion in 2011 harmonizing to The White House ( 2012 ) . we believe this market offers first-class growing chances for US companies. Its in-between category and ingestion has grown enormously in past decennary – as per Searchlight Process ( 2012 ) 40 million people has joined in-between category between 2003 and 2011 and 20 million are expected to be included by 2014. In add-on. there is a clear penchant for American-produced goods to domestic goods in Brazil – they demand trade names for all merchandises from high tech and dress merchandises of Apple and Nike to drinks of Coca Cola. The betterment in substructure is expected in the following 2 old ages as Brazil prepares for the World Cup in 2014 and the Olympics in 2016 – it will pass one million millions in substructure development of its roads. railwaies. ports. and airdromes. Harmonizing to US Commercial Service ( 2011 ) . despite marks of betterment there are a figure of challenges in the Brazilian market create complex concern environment and create obstructions for US exporters. such as uneven income distribution. jobs in public instruction. disproportion of market concentration. and â€Å"grey economy† that hinders revenue enhancement aggregation and maintain economic growing from making its full potency. In add-on. making concern in Brazil requires understanding of local concern patterns such as inexplicit costs of making concern referred to as â€Å"Custo Brasil† – costs related to distribution. authorities processs. employee benefits. and complex revenue enhancement construction. Complex imposts system along with high duty barriers that increase consumer monetary values up to 100 % . and overloaded legal system with drawn-out procedures is another challenge US companies are confronting. As per US Commercial Service ( 2011 ) . The World Bank ranks Brazil 127 out of 183 economic systems in the universe in footings of easiness of making concern. However. if these challenges are accounted and approached with proper solutions. we believe entryway in Brazil market may be highly profitable and good for US companies in general and Campbell with its advanced merchandise V-Fusion+Energy ® in peculiar. CURRENT ECONOMIC. POLITICAL. CULTURAL. SOCIAL AND LEGAL ENVIRONMENT IN BRAZIL Economic Environment. Brazil is Latin America’s most influential state and one of the lifting economic powers together with Russia. China and India ( besides known as BRIC nations ) . Almost dual size the European Union ( 8. 5 million square kilometres ) . with rich in militias of natural resources ( Fe ore. manganese. bauxite. Ni. U. gemstones. oil. wood. and aluminium. and 14 % of the world’s renewable fresh H2O ) . and with over 300 million hectares of agricultural land in favourable clime conditions. Brazil takes a relevant place in planetary market. Harmonizing to Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs ( 2011 ) . Brazil’s consistent growing from 2002 to 2009 when its existent GDP about doubled ( from US $ 724 billion to US $ 1. 5 trillion ) . and economy’s solid public presentation during 2008 fiscal crisis followed by strong recovery ( including 2010 growing of 7. 5 % ) contributed to states passage from a regional to planetary power. Although GDP growing in Brazil slowed down ( 2. 7 % in 2011 vs. 7. 5 % in 2010 ) and harmonizing to the Colitt ( 2012 ) its industrial end product has contracted 3. 4 % from last twelvemonth. the economic system is the world’s seventh-largest and is expected to lift to fifth within the following several old ages. As noted by Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs ( 2011 ) . during the disposal of former President Lula. billowing exports. economic growing. and societal plans helped raise 10s of 1000000s of Brazilians out of poorness. For the first clip. a bulk of Brazilians are now middle-class. and domestic ingestion has become an of import driver of Brazilian growing. President Dilma Rousseff. who took office in January 2011. has indicated her purpose to go on the former president’s economic policies. including sound financial direction. rising prices control. and a floating exchange rate. Colitt ( 2012 ) states that Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff is implementing policies aimed to protect Brazilian industry – increasing responsibilities on imported goods like places. fabrics. and electronics. but non seting adequate attempt into repairing local substructure. The fiscal sector is unafraid and provides local houses with a broad scope of fiscal merchandises. yet involvement rates remain among the highest in the universe. Due to high involvement rates investors that have been purchasing Brazilian high-yielding bonds have driven up the Real doing it a really strong. This in bend. has made imports more favourable for US companies and exports more expensive for Brazil. which increased Brazil’s trade shortage to $ 92. 5 billion in 2011. As per The White House ( 2012 ) . U. S. goods exports to Brazil hold more than tripled since 2002. turning from $ 12. 4 billion in 2002 to $ 42. 9 billion in 2011 ( largest classs are machinery. aircraft. and plastics ) . As noted by Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs ( 2011 ) . Brazil has one of the most advanced industrial sectors in Latin America. Accounting for approximately tierce of the GDP. Brazil’s diverse industries include cars and parts. machinery and equipment. fabrics. places. cement. computing machines. aircraft. and consumer durable goodss. Brazil continues to be a major universe provider of trade goods and natural resources. with important operations in timber. Fe ore. Sn. other minerals. and petrochemicals. However. high rising prices ( 7. 3 % in October 2011 – above the upper bound of the government’s mark of 2. 5 % -6. 5 % ) is a cause of highly high cost of runing the fabrication ( due to high monetary values of energy. natural stuffs and rewards ) . which makes it really hard for Brazilian industries to be competitory in the universe markets. Harmonizing to Alberto Ramos. head Latin America economic expert at GS. fabrication industry is non a competitory advantage of Brazil and it should airt its resources into Fieldss where it is competitory. like services. agriculture and trade goods. Brazil has a diverse and sophisticated services industry. including developed telecommunications. banking. energy. commercialism. and calculating sectors. And most significantly. Brazil is by and large unfastened to and encourages foreign investing -it is the largest receiver of foreign direct investing ( FDI ) in Latin America. and the United States is traditionally the top foreign investor in Brazil – United States is a major provider with over 15 % of Brazil’s imports. Political Environment. The current construction of the Brazilian authorities is a Federative democracy with 26 provinces and ferine territory. governed by a presidential system in which the president is both caput of province and caput of authorities ( elections are based on a four-year term ) . Brazil has become independent in September 7. 1822 and promulgated its fundamental law in October 5. 1988. The 1988 fundamental law grants wide powers to the federal authorities. made up of executive. legislative. and judicial subdivisions. As summarized by Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs ( 2011 ) . there are 81 senators. three for each province and the Federal District. and 513 deputies. Senate footings are 8 old ages. staggered so that two-thirds of the upper house is up for election at one clip and one-third 4 old ages subsequently. Chamber footings are 4 old ages. with elections based on a complex system of relative representation by provinces. Each province is eligible for a lower limit of eight seats ; the largest province deputation ( Sao Paulo’s ) is capped at 70 seats. This system is weighted in favour of geographically big but sparsely populated provinces. In Congress. 15 political parties are represented doing it common for politicians to exchange parties. The largest political parties are the Workers’ party ( PT ) . Democrats ( DEM ) . Brazilian Democratic Movement Party ( PMDB-center ) . Brazilian Social Democratic Party ( PSDB ) . Progressive Party ( PP ) . Brazilian Labor Party ( PTB ) . Liberal Party ( PL ) . Brazilian Socialist Party ( PSB ) . Popular Socialist Party ( PPS ) . Democratic Labor Party ( PDT ) . and the Communist Party of Brazil ( PCdoB ) . Major labour brotherhood federations include the Workers’ Unitary Central. the Workers’ General Confederation ( CGT ) . and the Forca Sindical ( FS ) . As listed in World Guide ( 1997 ) . there is a assortment of labour brotherhoods and national. spiritual and professional associations that people in Brazil belong to: Brazil is one of the establishing members of the United Nations. the G20. CPLP. Latin Union. the Organization of Ibero-American States. and Union of South American Nations. One of its chief ends is to supply assistance to developing states and is estimated to be $ 1 Billion per twelvemonth. As per Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs ( 2011 ) . to farther increase its international profile ( both politically and economically ) . the Rousseff disposal is besides seeking expanded trade ties with developing states. every bit good as a strengthening of the Mercosul ( Mercosur in Spanish ) imposts brotherhood with Uruguay. Paraguay. and Argentina. Brazil is a charter member of the United Nations and participates in its specialised bureaus. Cultural and Social Environments. The official linguistic communication of Brazil is Lusitanian and it is most widely used linguistic communication. However you may happen less common linguistic communications like Spanish. German. Italian. and Nipponese. But many Brazilian executives speak English. since many of them have studied abroad in the United States or Europe. Understanding Brazilian civilization. societal environment and concern etiquette is indispensable for successfully making concern in Brazil. Anybody who is making concern with Brazilians should be cognizant of the assorted cultural and structural barriers which might face them. Harmonizing to survey made by University of Illinois ( 2010 ) . constructs of category and position are really strong in Brazil and can find the place a individual may take in the company. which implies that Brazilians allow inequality in their companies. Although communicating between high and low degree employees is frequently informal. everyone is cognizant of societal hierarchies. When carry oning concern it is of import to retrieve that the Brazilian household ( frequently household members working for the same company ) is the foundation of their societal construction and it forms the basic stableness for most Brazilian people. Because of this. Brazilians need to cognize whom they are making concern with before they can efficaciously work together. so inquiries about person’s personal life. household. and company should be expected. Relationships are highly of import to Brazilians. by constructing close forces relationships and edifice trust. foreign business communities and investors will hold a greater opportunity of success in making concern in Brazil. Harmonizing to the information gathered and provided by Kwitessential ( 2010 ) . although the communicating is really informal. some simple regulations of etiquette must be followed. Although concern assignments can be scheduled on the short notice. it is best to schedule them two to three hebdomads in progress and corroborate them in composing since it is non uncommon for assignments to be cancelled or changed at the last minute. It is of import to look on clip for meeting in Sao Paulo. nevertheless. in Rio de Janeiro and other metropoliss it is acceptable to get a few proceedingss tardily for a meeting. During debut it is really of import to be prepared for a batch of handshakings when stating hello and pass or a buss in the cheeks between work forces and adult females. It is of import to observe that since concern in Brazil is hierarchal. so determinations are made by highest ranking individual which may non be ever present – senior directors normally attend merely initial meetings ( and anticipate to run into person higher ranked as good ) . Harmonizing to survey in Ethisphere ( 2008 ) . people in US and Brazil differ in ethical orientation and hence. before come ining Brazil we should be cognizant of ethically disputing state of affairss and set up schemes on how to cover with possible corruptness in front of clip. It is of import to understand Brazillian â€Å"Jeitinhio Brasileiro† manner of believing – their inclination to look for options to make something that in our eyes seems improper. which seldom require payoffs and is non considered corruptness. but more like an alternate manner of carry throughing aims when facing excessively stiff regulations. Legal Environment. Brazil is organized as a Federal Republic and its legal system is based on Roman civil codification. which implies that all Torahs that discipline all sorts of state of affairss are antecedently written and made populace. Besides the Federal Constitutions. which consists of 250 articles that outline citizens’ cardinal rights and warrants. the political and administrative organisation of the Federal Republic of Brazil. the single domains of authorization of the Executive. Legislative and Judicial subdivisions. revenue enhancement system and the cardinal labour rights. there chief legal paperss are the Codes: Civil Code. the Tax Code. the Penal Code and the Civil Procedure Code. The Civil Code comprises over 2000 articles modulating affairs such as Duties and Contracts. Businesss and Corporations. Real Estate and related belongings rights. and many others. The Tax Code defines the chief Brazilian revenue enhancement ordinances. which are complemented by many Federal. State and Municipal Torahs. The Penal Code brings the definitions of behaviors considered offenses and the penalties for anyone suiting the several legal descriptions. Finally. the Civil Procedure Code regulates the due procedure of jurisprudence. There is a assortment of legal limitations for foreign companies carry oning concern in Brazil. which pushed many companies towards partnerships with qualified agents or distributers when come ining the Brazilian. First. a foreign company must obtain written permission to run a subdivision in Brazil. therefore joint ventures are normally more popular than independent entities. To avoid possible legal jobs. US Commercial Service ( 2011 ) recommends U. S. companies have a written understanding to assist exporters limit liability for merchandise defects. protect a hallmark. better guarantee payments. and define guarantee footings. and consult with a Brazilian jurisprudence house before subscribing any understanding. Taxes in Brazil are really favourable compared to the U. S. The current corporate income revenue enhancement rate is 15 % regardless of the corporation’s concern but with a 10 % auxiliary revenue enhancement on the part of net net incomes that exceeds R $ 20. 000. 00 per month. The chief stock exchange in Brazil is the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange ( â€Å"Bovespa† ) . â€Å"Securities. such as portions. commercial documents. unsecured bonds. investing fund quotas and derived functions. are traded on Bovespa. † Besides. it is of import to observe that. harmonizing to a concern study conducted by PriceWaterhouse Coopers ( 2009 ) . 70 per centum of houses in Brazil study holding spent at least 3 per centum of grosss on payoffs. Most of these payoffs are to hasten processs. particular intervention or entree to traditional minutess. Although today many companies in Brazil. particularly those that operate internationally. are contending against corruptness ( for ex: companies subscribing Brazilian Pact for Integrity and against Corruption ) . and Federal agents have been effectual in patroling illegal behaviour ( which helped Brazil accomplish â€Å"moderate† evaluation in 2009 Global Integrity Report ) . corruptness. governmental inefficiency. legal and bureaucratic complications remain existent and really sensitive issues in Brazil that cause a great defeat to the international concern people. INDUSTRY AND COMPETITORS OVERVIEW. Energy Drink industry in Brazil is in origin phase and therefore offers a good growing potency for a company administering new energy drink merchandises like V-Fusion+Energy ® . Harmonizing to Russell ( 2012 ) . energy drinks was the fastest turning soft drinks class in Brazil in 2010. with 33 per centum growing in value term. Furthermore. Brazil is still a little market for energy drinks with off-trade volume gross revenues of 31 million litres in 2010. which corresponds to 1 % of planetary volume. As Russell ( 2012 ) points out. new merchandise launches with new placements and lower monetary value points. and increased handiness. intend that the market is tipped for growing. Although some wellness concerns have been voiced sing energy drink ingestion. peculiarly when associated with intoxicant. there is no indicant that the class is geting a negative image in Brazil. Russell ( 2012 ) explains. There new tendencies in Brazil’s population proportion and its ingestion forms besides create chance in energy drink industry: in-between category and ingestion has grown enormously in past decennary – as per Searchlight Process ( 2012 ) 40 million people has joined in-between category between 2003 and 2011 and 20 million are expected to be included by 2014. As of today. out of 200 million Brazilians over 52 per centum are a portion of in-between category. whose combined monthly household income ranges between US $ 600 ( R $ 1. 000 ) and US $ 2. 400 ( R $ 4. 000 ) . Furthermore. harmonizing to Secretariat of Strategic Affairs of the Presidency of Brazil ( SAE ) in-between category is preponderantly comprised of immature people less than 30 old ages old. with formal employment and disposable income. largely shacking in urban countries and showing strong penchant for American trade names. With this in head. harmonizing to Russel ( 2012 ) . Euromonitor predicts that transnational makers will get down to put more in the state to countervail lethargy in other markets. Brazil could be one of the top five markets worldwide for energy drinks. harmonizing to Euromonitor. Gross saless of energy drinks are predicted to turn in entire volume at 14 % per twelvemonth on norm between 2010 and 2015. The biggest challenge in energy drink industry for US exporter is the monetary value construction due to complex imposts system along with high duty barriers that increase consumer monetary values up to 100 % . As per US Commercial Service ( 2011 ) . in some instances costs are so high that a simple computation may bespeak that US exporter’s border will non let them to vie with local merchandises. Thus. some US companies work on low borders and implement efficient supply concatenation systems aimed to lower operation costs. Red Bull. for illustration. whose drink already holds lead place in Brazil’s energy drink market with 59. 6 per centum volume portion. is constructing a production works in Brazil to take high duties from its monetary value construction and be able to increase its net income borders while take downing retail monetary values and increasing gross revenues volumes. Besides Red Bull. who dominates Brazil’s energy drink market with 59. 6 per centum volume portion. the chief rivals are US based transnational elephantine The Coca-Cola Co. with its merchandise â€Å"Burn Energy† taking 11. 7 % portion and German Lizur Trading’s â€Å"Flash Power energy† taking 4. 8 % portion. and new Gladiator with no gross revenues figures available but with promising consequences. Harmonizing to Euromonitor International ( 2010 ) . the newer trade name Gladiator is one of the fastest turning soft drinks trade names. As the company has monolithic distribution substructure. it can go the toughest challenger in the industry in the average term. Selling activity and optimisation of logistics and distribution channels are likely to be explored by the chief participants in energy drink industry over the following few old ages. Austrian company Red Bull has created the planetary market for energy drinks. and the pioneering Red Bull trade name became synonymous with energy drinks for a big figure of consumers. including Brazilians. Harmonizing to Euromonitor International ( 2010 ) . despite lifting competition. Red Bull GmbH continues to comfortably take the planetary energy drinks market by both volume and value. Red Bull is produced at a individual installation in Austria and so distributed around the universe via a web of local subordinates and external importers and distributers. Therefore. Red Bull imports its merchandise to Brazil through a distributer and adds high costs of responsibilities. energy and logistics cost to its monetary values. which makes it unaffordable for some low-income consumers in Brazil. Besides. Euromonitor International ( 2010 ) advises that the company aims to capitalise on the current consumer tendency towards â€Å"natural† ingredients. and targets an older consumer group that is typically more interested in merchandise ingredients than younger consumers. Therefore. it is clear that industry leader sees chance in spread outing its merchandise portfolio to aim wellness witting consumers. which means that V-Fusion+Energy ® has a great chance in this market if introduced foremost. Coca Cola competes on Brazil’s energy drink market with Burn Energy – a new Swedish high-energy drink oriented on immature population ( 20-24 ) with its fashionable design and publicity associated with celebrated dj’s. parties in celebrated nines in Brazil and music festivals. Besides the attractive image. added native Brazilian high caffeine guarana infusion entreaties to Brazilians. Coca Cola has really efficient distribution web in Brazil and 46 makers strategically located in all parts of the state guaranting the supply of about one million points of sale. To sum up information provided on official web site of Coca-Cola in Brazil. Division Brazil is one of the four major operations of Coca-Cola executing in Brazil since 1942. Besides Coca-Cola. there are 16 independent concern groups. called authorised makers. in add-on to the Junior Lion and Del Valle. who draw up the concluding merchandise in its 46 workss and administer them to retail mercantile establishments. This construction allows Coca-Cola to derive efficiency in fabrication and distribution. avoid high duties and bureaucratic import barriers. therefore minimising costs and consumers retail monetary values. SELECTION AND ANALYSIS OF TARGET MARKET As we mentioned earlier. wellness and energy section of drink market has been turning strongly in Latin American states including Brazil. Surveies have shown that the alteration in consumer wealth and behaviour has driven the wellness and energy markets to be viewed as the most promising section of the drinks industry. More than two-thirds of Brazilians are concerned with their energy degrees and seek to pull off fatigue. With the new V8+Energy people can look frontward to basking a combined helping of veggies and fruit with the sum of caffeine that is comparable to the taking energy drink or a cup of java. By aiming upper and in-between category we will be able range out to over 80 million of people populating in Brazil. Huge difference between rich and hapless is the direct ground why societal categories have such relevancy for sectioning human ecology in Brazil. Novias ( 2011 ) classified modern-day Brazilian society from letters A-E. as follows: 1. Educational Level †¢ Classes A and B: normally composed by those who completed higher instruction. The younger coevalss of these categories tend to be fluent in several linguistic communications. †¢ Class C: most people in this category have finished high school and there is besides a important measure of people who completed higher instruction or at least have a proficient degree grade. †¢ Class D: people who have non finished high school. †¢ Class Tocopherol: people who have non finished simple school and illiterate people. 2. Occupation. The educational degrees antecedently presented support the degree of entry among five different categories. This employment relationship is presented as: †¢ Class Angstrom: composed by bankers. investors. concern proprietors. major landholders and people with extraordinary accomplishments for the industry they operate in. †¢ Class B: composed by managers and directors. politicians. Judgess. justnesss. prosecuting officers. good calibrated professors. physicians. good qualified applied scientists and attorneies. etc. †¢ Class C: composed by those who provide services straight to the wealthier groups. such as instructors. directors. mechanics. linemans. nurses. etc. †¢ Class D: composed by people who provide services to Class C. such as maidservants. barmans. bricklayers. people who work for the civil building companies. little shops Sellerss. low-paid drivers. etc. †¢ Class Tocopherol: composed by people who earn minimal wages. such as cleaners. street sweepers. and besides by unemployed people. Our primary mark is classes A-C. Consumers in these categories are hardworking people ( ages 18-35 ) that have proper instruction to cognize the benefits of imbibing V-Fusion+Energy ® and want a smart. healthy. and effectual manner to derive their energy back. In footings of the geographic locations there are some parts where there is a strong laterality of categories D and E like the North. Northeast and Central-West parts in which we will non concentrate on. However. it is the larger metropoliss such as Sao Paulo in which societal differences are largely seeable and is where many of the upper categories are found. every bit good as Brasilia. capital of Brazil. Our age cleavage can change largely because the V-Fusion+Energy ® drink can be consumed by about anyone at any age. Made with natural ingredients. it is healthy for any age group to imbibe including immature teens from ages 12-19 every bit good as for seniors. However. our primary mark is working societal categories A-C that belong to 18-35 age group and adolescents who are following newest tendencies. involvement and vernal life style. PROMOTIONAL STRATEGY Introducing Acai Berry Flavor. In order to place the merchandise to the Brazilian people. we will present a new spirit of V8 Fusion Energy: Acai Berry. Acai is the most popular fruit in Brazil. and it is enjoyed throughout the twelvemonth by both immature and old. By making an acai spirit. we will be able to spread out our market. because our merchandise will appeal to all Brazilians. We will besides pull more clients to our mark market. largely healthy persons who exercise on a regular basis. Acai is one of the healthiest fruits in the universe: it contains powerful antioxidants that can assist support the organic structure against life’s stressors. It besides contains anthocyanin and flavonoids. which play a cardinal function in the body’s cell protection system. assist decelerate down the aging procedure. and may advance fat loss. All these wellness benefits are the ground why acai is frequently referred to as a â€Å"super fruit† by dieticians. Processing the acai fruit into an energy drink does necessitate clip and resources. but sing that Brazil is an upper-middle-income state with a freshly. rapid industrialising economic system ( Keegan ) . we have determined that the acai scheme will be successful. Placing our merchandise by including something that everyone in Brazil is familiar with and bask will be a successful initial promotional scheme. It will specify our mark market. because of acai’s wellness benefits. It will besides spread out the market. since many people will purchase and imbibe our merchandise. merely because they enjoy the spirit of acai berry. Carnival. The Rio Carnival is the perfect topographic point to market out V-8 Fusion Energy drink. We will be sing a twosome of schemes at the Rio Carnival: 1 ) we will hold our gross revenues employees offer people the drink for free. and 2 ) we will busy little sellers. located around the carnival and sell our merchandise at that place. Free sampling will originate the publicity of our drink. We have strong belief in the quality and gustatory sensation of our merchandise. which is why we believe that one time people try it. they will be returning clients. The 2nd scheme will be used for clients desiring to seek the other great spirits of our merchandise: Peach Mango. and Pomegranate Blueberry. This scheme will besides be used as primary research. We will be closely monitoring our gross revenues. sing factors such as: location of seller and spirit of drink. Employees will roll up the informations electronically. which will be used to find which spirit is more popular in which country. We will besides hold employees conduct experimental studies. They will be composing down informations of approximative age of clients. every bit good as their facial looks after imbibing. to assist find if clients enjoyed our merchandise. Soccer – Campeonato Brasileiro. The most popular athletics in Brazil is association football. It is so popular. that it is non even considered a athletics ; it’s a manner of life for most Brazilians. Soccer is played everyplace: on the streets. on the beach. in Parks. and in professional association football nines. Professional association football participants in Brazil are the most celebrated and recognized people in the state. This is why we plan to advance V8 Fusion Energy through professional association football squads We will offer a contract to the professional squad – Santos to put our merchandise name on the forepart of their uniforms. Santos is presently the squad with the best-selling New Jersey and dress in Brazil. and we would wish to be associated with a popular. winning squad. Research has showed that when a merchandise is associated with a successful squad. gross revenues addition every bit good. We will besides offer personal contracts to one or two star participants from the squad. They will play a cardinal portion in our advertisement commercials and promotional runs throughout the state. Our vision is to advance V-Fusion+Energy ® as a healthy beginning of energy and addition strong place on energy drink market in the state. therefore we see enormous possible to market our merchandise in the professional association football conference. Brazil does non hold a specific drink associated with athleticss ( such as Gatorade in the United States ) . We will utilize an aggressive market scheme and do our V8 Energy Fusion the official drink of Brazilian association football perchance athleticss in general. Our merchandise will be placed on the out of boundss of all games. Players coming in and out of the game will imbibe our merchandise for energy and hydration. Our end is for people to tie in our merchandise with energy. success. and wellness. which is precisely what V8 Fusion Energy is – a healthy energy drink for success! Business AND Selling CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS To accomplish a successful result in establishing the V-Fusion+Energy ® merchandise in Brazil. it is indispensable to foreground the barriers to entry and selling challenges. We have identified three cardinal countries that present a challenge ; un-even income distribution. public perceptual experience and consumer instruction. and a foreign judicial system that includes a complex revenue enhancement system and proving usage Torahs. First. un-even income distribution in society refers to the ownership of the production factors and the monetary value the proprietors get in the market. Concentrating on this issue consequences good sing we can’t set our merchandise out at that place if the consumer population does non hold a stable income in the different metropoliss or countries. and the production cost are unknown. Therefore. in order to cut down production costs we can make a joint venture with a preexistent Brazilian drink companies. moreover. we will concentrate on the local agribusiness ; I. e invest in local agribusiness.

Free Essays on Flannery Oconnr

In Flannery O’Connor’s A Good Man is Hard to Find, the grandmother faces her death at the end of the story. Her death may come as a surprise to the reader, but a closer look at hints throughout the story shows that the death of the grandmother is evident and unavoidable. The Grandmother in A Good Man is Hard to Find does not want to take the trip to florida with the rest of the family. She is worried about the misfit that is on the loose and heading to flordia himself. Everyone ignores the Grandmothers notions excep for June Star. The fact that she admonishes Bailey, her son, of the misfit and â€Å"what he did to those people†(cite), foreshadows what is going to happen to them. O’Connor would not mention such an interesting fact without having it affect the characters later in the story. The morning of the trip the grandmother is the first one in the car as June star predicted, â€Å"she woulnt stay home for a million buck. She ahs to go everywhere†(cite). This si a direct foreshadow of the grandothers death. When Bobby Lee and Hiram take someone into the forest, they never make it back. Eventully the whole family is taken to d3ie. The comment that June Star gives about Grandmother going with them is an indication that she is going to meet her death. Although the grandmother did not want to go she was dressed in her Sunday best. â€Å"†¦a navy blue straw sailor hat with a bunch of white violets on the brim and a navy blue dress with a small white dot in the print. Her collars and cuffs were white organdy trimmed with lace and at her neckline she had pinned a purple spray of cloth violets containing a sachet† (1143). When a person dies, they are usually drewssed in their best outfit as they are displayed in their coffin at a funeral. O’cConnor states the reason for grandmothes immaculate dress was, â€Å"In case of an accident, anyone seeing her dead on the highway would know at once that she was a lady† (11... Free Essays on Flannery Oconnr Free Essays on Flannery Oconnr In Flannery O’Connor’s A Good Man is Hard to Find, the grandmother faces her death at the end of the story. Her death may come as a surprise to the reader, but a closer look at hints throughout the story shows that the death of the grandmother is evident and unavoidable. The Grandmother in A Good Man is Hard to Find does not want to take the trip to florida with the rest of the family. She is worried about the misfit that is on the loose and heading to flordia himself. Everyone ignores the Grandmothers notions excep for June Star. The fact that she admonishes Bailey, her son, of the misfit and â€Å"what he did to those people†(cite), foreshadows what is going to happen to them. O’Connor would not mention such an interesting fact without having it affect the characters later in the story. The morning of the trip the grandmother is the first one in the car as June star predicted, â€Å"she woulnt stay home for a million buck. She ahs to go everywhere†(cite). This si a direct foreshadow of the grandothers death. When Bobby Lee and Hiram take someone into the forest, they never make it back. Eventully the whole family is taken to d3ie. The comment that June Star gives about Grandmother going with them is an indication that she is going to meet her death. Although the grandmother did not want to go she was dressed in her Sunday best. â€Å"†¦a navy blue straw sailor hat with a bunch of white violets on the brim and a navy blue dress with a small white dot in the print. Her collars and cuffs were white organdy trimmed with lace and at her neckline she had pinned a purple spray of cloth violets containing a sachet† (1143). When a person dies, they are usually drewssed in their best outfit as they are displayed in their coffin at a funeral. O’cConnor states the reason for grandmothes immaculate dress was, â€Å"In case of an accident, anyone seeing her dead on the highway would know at once that she was a lady† (11...