Activities Shape our Personality essays

Activities Shape our Personality essays Aristotle, in his Nicomachean Ethics, Book II, Chapter 1, suggests that activities in which we participate shape the characteristics of our personality and our personality determines what we do an ongoing process of reciprocity. At the time Aristotle wrote this book, in 350 BC, he was well aware of the work of his contemporary, Hippocrates, who had been dead for 20 years. Hippocrates had more pragmatically contemplated the same problem and had divided the human personality into four general categories: [the humors of] choleric, phlegmatic, melancholic and sanguine. The purpose of Aristotles intellectual investigation was to instill the ideas of personal morality and virtue and then hold others to these [presumably our] standards. While this has appeal, it belies the complexity of human behavior and the right to judge others. It also assumes one person can correct perceived flaws in another as in some grandiose Pygmalion project. While Aristotles idea has great merit when applied providing a safe and nurturing environment for a child to properly develop, it fails to address the fact that differences in the rational wants, beliefs, needs and actions between individuals are not grounds for correcting perceived flaws. The observed differences make an individual who he or she is. Attempting to change them will result in failure. Further, attempting corrective action is based on the false assumption that someone can recreate another in his own image. Perhaps, this may be marginally possible with DNA cloning, but even this seems highly unlikely. It is obvious in a modern society that some reasonable level of conformity to the laws holding the fabric together is required, but beyond modest adherence, individuality abounds as well it should. Peoples actions are governed by the basics of reproduction, survival, necessity, fear, achievement, recognition, power, ...

How to Make LinkedIn Work for You

How to Make LinkedIn Work for You On July 30th, I was interviewed by the charismatic Pete Mockaitis of Awesome at Your Job on â€Å"Making LinkedIn Work for You.† We covered lots of ground, including Two keys to crafting an eye-grabbing LinkedIn profile Who needs a LinkedIn profile and who maybe doesn’t What to do to be both searchable and likable on LinkedIn How to make an impact with your LinkedIn Summary How to grow your LinkedIn network past 500 people quickly and responsibly The case for making recommendations I won’t spend a lot of time talking about this interview, because you can both listen to it and get a full transcript at this link: Making LinkedIn Work for You with Brenda Bernstein To view the transcript, scroll down to this section of the article and click on the + sign: Or listen here: document.createElement('audio'); https://theessayexpert.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/326_-_Making_LinkedIn_Work_for_You_with_Brenda_Bernstein.mp3 What I will say, because I want you to get all the goodies you can get from this podcast, is that I talk about everything from Big Bird and my Sesame Street failures to the lessons we can learn from bamboo trees. Oh and I talk about blenders. That’s a lot of Bs from Brenda Bernstein! I also threw a little neuroscience in there about how to create an impression before you even meet someone in person. And there’s more! I highly recommend listening to or reading this interview, even if you’ve listened to my podcasts before. The tidbits on my favorite things and life lessons are especially charming, if I do say so myself, plus you get to learn about how to make LinkedIn work for you! 🙂 Hit the â€Å"Connect† too soon 🙠 Really liked what you had to say! Working on updating my LinkedIn profile to focus on my day job while mentioning my joy being a professional musician on the side. Thank you for the tips you offered on this podcast interview with Pete! Log in to Reply Brenda Bernstein says: August 29, 2018 at 9:49 pm Thanks for your comment and for connecting with me on LinkedIn, Sten. That balance between two careers can be tricky. Let me know if you are interested in my LinkedIn Profile Review service! Log in to Reply

Business Finance assignment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Business Finance assignment - Research Paper Example The investor in question believed that smaller firms are less risky compared to larger firms. It is always important to diversify portfolios in order to spread the idea of the risks. Comparing with the 2011 beta or 1.08, the above beta of 1.06 seems to provide a good measure of how the stock movers relative to the broader Australian market index. The function of beta is to measure the risk of stock in relation to the overall market. From the above calculations, it is evident that the selected portfolios are less risky and have diversified the possible risks. On this basis, it is therefore true to say that the investor is likely to have very little loss and fear of risks associated with portfolios. The beta calculated from the investment portfolios is a clear indication of how the portfolio has diversified risks as well as low risk compared to the Australian Market index in 2011. The financial investment was very successful providing additional profit or income of approximately $7,110. In addition to the income received from the portfolio, there is no doubt that the risks associated with the same are too low. For instance, the beta obtained for the overall portfolio clearly indicates that the selected investment portfolios have widespread risks besides being lower than the 2011 Australian Market index beta. When portfolios have spread risks as well as low risks then it is advisable to engage in the investment. The above case scenario is a good example of investment portfolio, which was not only of viable income in terms of increased revenue or income but also given the fact that there were low risks involved, which in any case were widely spread across different firms from different industries and sizes. Indeed, the investment portfolio was a successful

Natural Law Jurisprudence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Natural Law Jurisprudence - Essay Example Jurisprudence implies creating a body of law and methods for interpreting the law, studying the relationships between law and society, and predicting the effects of legal decisions . It is the science or philosophy of law. It applies to substantive law and to the legal system in general. It is based on the fundamental principle of 'just society' which means in a democratic country, all are equal and their rights (personal and property rights) should be protected before law. Judges apply it without favor or fear. Jurisprudence implies creating a body of law and methods for interpreting the law, studying the relationships between law and society, and predicting the effects of legal decisions.(Wikipedia) . The purpose of jurisprudence is to "achieve social order through subjecting people's conduct to the guidance of general rules by which they may themselves orient their behavior" (Fuller 1965, 657). The word ' Teleology is derived from the Greek word 'telos, which means "goal", purpose".(- page : socillogy 3rd ref ). The ancient world was permeated by teleological thought, that is, a belief that everything has a pre-ordained purpose - there's a pattern to the world and to each thing in it . (Socrates, Aristotle, the Stoics - also the Oracle in The Matrix). It is based on the Greek concept of 'eudemonism' which means that people live a satisfying life based on Universal laws. The Greeks viewed the universe as self correcting." The state, like all things, has a certain end. A just state is one that is organized in such a way as to achieve this teleological purpose."( Plato : The Republic)."Within the state, every person has a role or function, and 'just conduct' lies in fulfilling his or her role. "( Aldous Huxley's novel Brave New World). Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas were great supporters of teleology .Whether " Natural Law Jurisprudence automatically lends itself to the teleolo gical approach" In order to analyze this question , first we have to understand the characteristics of Natural law and teleology . Natural Law Jurisprudence has the following distinguishing features which separates it from teleological law . i. Natural law is universal and unchanging - it's always available to legislators, judges and citizens of any jurisdiction in the field of justice - correcting wrongs and distributing goods (Harris) ii. The sources of natural law are customs, usages, case laws and precedents iii. It is discoverable by human reason iv. Natural law attempts to analyze, explain, classify, and criticize entire bodies of law, ranging from contract to tort to constitutional law. v. It commands obedience from people and people obey it in moral sense. vi. In the US and many parts of the world, Natural Law has become very much influential. vii. International law derives its validity from natural law. International Law is based on the principles of Natural law jurisprudence. UN Charter recognizes natural rights, and principles. viii. The formation of the

Criminal Justice Budget Essay Example for Free

Criminal Justice Budget Essay Harris County, in Houston Texas, contains a pretty large population, and a large majority of that population classified as home owners. Harris county’s geographic size is considerably large, with a population estimate exceeding 3,935,855 peoples in 2007 (US Census Bureau, 2009). Furthermore, the percentage of Caucasians is around 73. 6%, with the Black population consisting of 18. 9%, Native Americans exceeding . 6%, Asian persons around 5. 5% and lastly the Hispanic population being around 38. 6% (US Census Bureau, 2009). The land area per 200 square miles is 1,728. Harris County’s current federal spending budget for the year of 2007 is around 21, 152, 659. When determining a budget for Harris County, one important aspect to consider is the county’s retail sales, which is around 39,358,036, displaying the current of industry and economic growth. The federal government spent over 19 billion dollars in 2003 on the war on drugs, at a rate of about 600 dollars per second (www. drugsense. org). The total amount of money spent on the war on drugs at the federal level is about 4,258,600,939, while at the state level 6,536,936,825, totaling over 10,800,600,300 dollars (www. drugsense. com). The failed war on drugs has not stopped drug usage, on the contrary, it has made criminal cartels rich by illegalizing drugs, thus giving them a product to sell, and increased not only the availability and potency of drugs, but, also their rate of usage across the country. For example, after the US has spent over 500 billion dollars to fight drugs, cocaine is now as cheap as it was when kingpin Escobar died and more heavily used, furthermore, methamphetamine, which was barley even a problem in the years following 1993, is now used by over 1. 5 million Americans and is proven to be more addictive than crack (Wells, 2007). The war on drugs has put over 500,000 people behind bars for drug crimes with no discernable effect on the drug trafficking industry, if anything; it has grown (Wells, 2007). When preparing a budget for Harris County, the most important thing that could be done is ending the failed war on drugs, which would save tax payers an estimated 12 billion dollars or more a year. Furthermore, instead of focusing a majority of the states federal budget on building more prisons begin building more universities, and residential communities. I find it interesting to note that the annual cost to tax payers in California to keep and maintain their prisons is around 10 billion per year, if this spending trend continues; California will be spending more on prisons than on universities (Abramsky, 2007). In ending the war on drugs, with the billions that would be saved, tax cuts, business incentives, and an overall increase in the standard of living for the community. Furthermore, instead of building prisons, states could build real, industry that produces’ real goods. References Wells, Ben (2007) How America Lost the War on Drugs Rolling Stone retrieved on March 16, 2009 from http://www. rollingstone. com/news/story/17438347/how_america_lost_the_war_on_drugs Abramsky, Sasha (2007) Prison Crisis: Will California Spend more on jails than Universities? Rights and Liberties retrieved on March 16, 2009 from http://www. alternet. org/rights/65868/? page=entire US Census Bureau (2009) State and County quick facts The US Census Bureau on March 16, 2009 from http://quickfacts. census. gov/qfd/states/48/48201. html Unknown Author (2009) Drug War Clock Drug Sense retrieved on March 16, 2009 from http://www. drugsense. org/wodclock. htm

Friendship Essay: The Consequences of Having Friends -- Friendship Essa

Having friends is a natural occurrence in most lives. The majority of people do not think of going anywhere without their friends, especially teenagers. Where these ordinary teens find their acquaintances is in high school. It is where friends are made and hold a substantial role in the students’ lives. High school students choose their friends for various reasons, and some of their choices may result in positive and negative effects. One effect of friends in high school is general influence. For example, peer pressure is an unfortunate, but predominant result of having companions. Several teens look for acceptance in the eyes of their peers. Consequently, they will go to great lengths in order to win their favor, allowing those they desire to befriend to control their actions. Another n...

Taxation Reviewer

Business Law and Taxation Review Class Name:_____________________________________ Course:_____________________ Date:_____________________ INSTRUCTION: Write the letter of your answer in the box provided. The letter must be written in CAPITAL LETTER. D1. Which of the following statement is not correct? a. Taxes may be imposed to raise revenues or to provide disincentives to certain activities within the state b. The state can have the power of taxation even if the Constitution does not expressly give it the power to tax c. For the exercise of the power of taxation, the state can tax anything at any time d.The provisions of taxation in the Philippine Constitution are grants of power and not limitations on taxing powers D2. One of the characteristics of internal revenue laws is that they are: a. Criminal in nature b. Penal in nature c. Political in nature d. Generally prospective application C3. One of the characteristics of our internal revenue laws is that they are: a. Political in na ture b. Penal in nature c. Generally prospective in operation although the tax statute may nevertheless operate retrospectively provided it is clearly the legislative intent d. Answer not given C4.In case of conflict between tax laws and generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP): a. Both tax laws and GAAP shall be enforced b. GAAP shall prevail over tax laws c. Tax laws shall prevail over GAAP d. The issue shall be resolved by the courts C5. The following are similarities of the inherent power of taxation, eminent domain and police power, except one a. Are necessary attributes of sovereignty b. Interfere with private rights and property c. Affects all persons or the public d. Are legislative in implementation A6. Tax as distinguished from license fee: a. Non payment does not necessarily render the business illegal b.A regulatory measure c. Imposed in the exercise of police power d. Limited to cover cost of regulation B7. Which statement refers to police power as distinguished from taxation? a. It can only be imposed on specific property or properties b. The amount imposed depends on whether the activity is useful or not c. It involves the taking of property by the government d. The amount imposed has no limit C8. The distinction of a tax from permit or license fee is that a tax is: a. Imposed for regulation b. One which involves an exercise of police power c. One in which there is generally no limit on the amount that may be imposed d.Answer not given C9. Which of the following is not an example of excise tax: a. Transfer tax b. Sales tax c. Real property tax d. Income tax D10. Value added tax is an example of: a. Graduated tax b. Progressive tax c. Regressive tax d. Proportional tax C11. S1: The power of taxation is inherent in sovereignty being essential to the existence of every government. Hence, even if not mentioned in the Constitution the state can still exercise the power. S2: It is essentially a legislative function. Even in the absence of any c onstitutional provision, taxation power falls to Congress as part of the general power of law-making a.False, False b. False, True c. True, True d. True, False C12. Which of the following is not a scheme of shifting the incidence of taxation? a. The manufacturer transfers the tax to the customer by adding the tax to the selling price of the goods sold b. The purchaser asks for a discount or refuse to buy at regular prices unless it is reduced by the amount equal to the tax he will pay c. Changing the terms of the sale like FOB Shipping Point in the Philippines to FOB Destination abroad, so that the title passes abroad instead of in the Philippines d.The manufacturer transfers the sales tax to the distributor, then in turn to the wholesaler, in turn to the retailer and finally to the consumer A13. The proportional contribution by persons and property levied by the law-making body of the State by virtue of its sovereignty for the support of the government and all public needs is refer red to as: a. Taxes b. Special assessment c. License fee d. Answer not given B14. One of the characteristics of a tax is that: a. It is generally based on contract b. It is generally payable in money c. It is generally assignable d. Answer not given B15.Tax of a fixed proportion of the value of the property with respect to which the tax is assessed and requires the intervention of assessors or appraisers to estimate the value of such property before the amount due from each tax taxpayer can be determined is known as: a. Specific b. Ad valorem c. Special or regulatory d. Answer not given C16. Which of the following statements is not correct? a. An inherent limitation of taxation may be disregarded by the application of a constitutional limitation b. The property of an educational institution operated by a religious order is exempt from property tax, but its income is ubject to income tax c. The prohibition of delegation by the state of the power of taxation will still allow the Burea u of Internal Revenue to modify the rules on time for filing of returns and payment of taxes d. The power of taxation is shared by the legislative and executive departments of government D17. Which of the following has no power of taxation? a. Provinces b. Cities c. Barangays d. Barrios D18. A tax must be imposed for a public purpose. Which of the following is not a public purpose? a. National defense b. Public education c. Improvement of the sugar industry d.None of the above B19. The basic community tax of Php 5. 00 of an individual is: a. A personal tax b. A direct tax c. A national tax d. An ad valorem tax B20. In 2005, a person was given by a special law the privilege to operate a public utility (franchise), in consideration of which, he was required by that law to pay a franchise tax. This franchise can be amended by: a. An amendment of that special law only b. An amendment of that special law or a law of general application c. An amendment of a revenue regulation d. None of t he above B21. Which statement is wrong? A revenue bill: a.Must originate from the House of Representatives and on which same bill the Senate may propose amendments b. May originate from the Senate and on which same bill the House of Representatives may propose amendments c. Must have a House version and a Senate version approved separately, and then consolidated, with both houses approving the consolidated version d. May be recommended by the President to Congress B22. The state has complete discretion on the amount to be imposed, after distinguishing between a useful and a non useful activity a. Tax b. License fee c. Toll d. Customs duty B23.A tax on business is: a. Direct tax b. Indirect tax c. Property tax d. None of the above C24. Which is the correct and best statement? A tax reform at any given time underscores the fact that: a. Taxation is an inherent power of the state b. Taxation is essentially a legislative power c. Taxation is a power that is very broad d. The state can a nd should adopt progressive taxation B25. Which of the statement gives the correct answer? That a feasibility study needs or need not look into the taxes of different political subdivisions of government which may be alternative sites of the business is because: a.Provinces, cities and municipalities must have uniform taxes between and among themselves b. The local taxes of one political subdivision need not be uniform with the local taxes of another political subdivision c. Businesses that are subject to national business taxes are exempt from local business taxes d. Local business taxes may be credited against national business taxes C26. Which statement is wrong? a. A tax is a demand of sovereignty b. A toll is a demand of ownership c. A special assessment is a tax d. Customs duty is a tax B27. A fundamental rule in taxation is that the property of one country may not be taxed by another country.This is known as: a. International law b. International comity c. Reciprocity d. Inte rnational inhibition A28. In this power of the state, the person who is parting with his money/property is presumed to receive a benefit: a. Taxation b. Police power c. Eminent domain d. None of the above D29. In all, except one, there can be a classification of the subject matter being required to shoulder the burden. Which is the exception? a. Tax b. License fee c. Toll d. Eminent domain C30. There can be no tax unless there is a law imposing the tax is consistent with the doctrine or principle of: a. Uniformity in taxation . Due process of law c. Non-delegation of the power to tax d. The power of taxation is very broad and the only limitation is the sense of responsibility of the members of the legislature to their constituents D31. Which of the following is not an element of direct double taxation? a. Two taxes b. Same subject matter c. Same year d. Same amount D32. S1: The value added tax is a property tax S2: The estate tax is a direct tax a. True, True b. False, False c. True , False d. False, True B33. S1: Because the power of taxation is inherent in state, the inherent limitations on the power of taxation always appliesS2: Inherent limitations on the power of taxation must give way to constitutional limitations a. True, False b. False, True c. True, True d. False, False C34. Which statement is wrong? â€Å"The tax should be based on the tax payer’s ability to pay† a. As a basic principle of taxation, this is called â€Å"theoretical justice† b. As a theory of taxation, this is called â€Å"ability-to-pay-theory† c. No person shall be imprisoned for non-payment of a tax d. A graduated tax table is in consonance with this rule C35. S1: The power to tax can be delegated to units of local government, but with limitations as may be imposed by lawS2: The power to tax cannot be delegated to the executive department of the National Government a. True, False b. False, True c. True, True d. False, False C36. Which statement is false? a. A tax is a demand of sovereignty while a toll is a demand of property ownership b. Non-payment of a tax does not make the activity taxed unlawful c. A grant of police power to a unit of local government carries with it a grant of the power to tax d. Customs duty is a tax D37. Some franchise holders who are paying the franchise tax are being required by an amendatory law to pay the value-added tax, while others remain subject to the franchise tax.Which of the following constructional provisions makes the law unconstitutional? a. No law shall be passed impairing the obligation of contracts b. The rule on taxation shall be uniform c. No person shall be deprived of property without due process of law d. None of the above C38. Under this basic principle of a sound tax system, the Government should not incur a deficit: a. Theoretical justice b. Administrative feasibility c. Fiscal adequacy d. None of the above B39. That the legislative body can impose a tax at any amount underscores th e legal truism that: a. Taxation is an inherent power of the state b.Taxation is a very broad power of the state c. Taxation is essentially a legislative power d. None of the above D40. The City of Manila, claiming that it can impose taxes under the Local Government Code, imposed a tax on banks (in addition to the percentage tax on banks imposed in the National Internal Revenue Code). The banks within the City of Manila objected for the various reasons given below. Which would justify the objection of the banks? a. The power of taxation cannot be delegated b. The rule on double taxation c. Uniformity of taxation d. None of the above B41. The amount required is dictated by the needs of the government in: a.License fee b. Tax c. Toll d. None of the above C42. This is a demand of owners: a. License fee b. Tax c. Toll d. None of the above C43. No person shall be imprisoned for non-payment of this: a. Property tax b. Excise tax c. Poll tax d. None of the above C44. As a basic principle o f taxation, that â€Å"taxes must be based on the taxpayer’s ability to pay† is called: a. Equality in taxation b. Ability-to-pay theory c. Theoretical justice d. Equity in taxation C45. Which of the following may not raise money for the government? a. Power of taxation b. Police power c. Eminent domain d. None of the above D46.Which is not an essential characteristic of tax? a. It is unlimited as to amount b. It is payable in money c. It is proportionate in character d. It is a regular payment C47. S1: Direct double taxation involves two taxes by the same taxing authority (e. g. National Government) S2: Indirect double taxation involves two taxes by two different taxing authorities (e. g. National Government and a unit of local government) a. True, False b. False, True c. True, True d. False, False B48. S1: Direct double taxation is prohibited by the Philippine Constitution S2: Indirect double taxation is allowed by the Philippine Constitution a.True, False b. False, True c. True, True d. False, False A49. S1: Tax evasion, which is the use of means to escape a tax that is already a liability, is prohibited by law, and is punishable S2: Tax avoidance, which is the use of means to prevent an accrual of a tax, or to minimize a tax that may accrue is likewise prohibited by law and is punishable a. True, False b. False, True c. True, True d. False, False B50. Which statement is true? The prohibition in the Philippine Constitution on taxation of religious corporations is: a. A prohibition on imposition of excise taxes on the corporation b.A prohibition on imposition of property taxes on the corporation c. A prohibition on imposition of any and all local taxes on the corporation d. A prohibition on imposition of any and all national taxes on the corporation B51. S1: A tax amnesty that forgives tax delinquency of prior years is a legislative act of the Government S2: A tax compromise that lowers the delinquent tax due from a taxpayer is an executive act pursuant to a legislative grant of power to the Executive Department of the Government a. True, False b. False, True c. True, True d. False, FalseC52. S1: A revenue regulation must not be contrary to the provision of the law that is implements S2: A revenue regulation cannot expand the provision of the law that implements by imposing a penalty when the law that authorizes the revenue regulation does not impose a penalty a. True, False b. False, True c. True, True d. False, False D53. Which statement is false? a. A law that imposes a tax on sugar mills and centrals where the revenue collected will be used to improve the sugar industry is a tax for a public purpose, and the law is constitutional b.A law that imposes a tax on movie goers in a city, where the revenues will be used to improve flood control infrastructures in the low areas in the city is constitutional c. A law that gives tax privileges to manufacturers in defined industrial areas, which are not enjoyed by other manufact urers elsewhere is not discriminatory and is constitutional d. None of the above D54. If the taxpayer is a resident citizen of the Philippines, which of the following is not subject to income tax? a. Capital gain on sale of real property in the Philippines b.Interest on bank deposit in the Philippines c. Rent income from property outside the Philippines d. Capital gain on shares of stocks of a domestic corporation sold thru the Philippine Stock Exchange B55. On capital gain tax on real property, which of the following statements is not true? a. The tax should be paid, if in one lump sum, within 30 days from the date of sale b. The term â€Å"initial payment† is synonymous to â€Å"down payment† c. The installment payment of the tax should be made within 30 days from receipt of each installment payment on the selling price d.The tax may be paid in installment if the initial payments do not exceed 25% of the selling price A56. S1: Interest earned on Bangko Sentral treasu ry notes is subject to a final tax at 20% S2: Interest earned on customers trade notes is not subject to final tax a. True, True b. False, False c. True, False d. False, True D57. Which statement is wrong? a. A resident citizen and a resident alien has a final tax of seven and one-half percent (7. 5%) on interest on foreign currency deposit under the expanded foreign currency deposit system b.A non-resident citizen is exempt from income tax on interest on foreign currency deposit under the expanded foreign currency deposit system c. A non-resident alien engaged in business in the Philippines is subject to a final tax of twenty-five percent (25%) on gross income from within the Philippines from cinematographic films d. A non-resident alien engaged in business in the Philippines has a final tax of twenty percent (20%) on interest only if the interest is on bank deposits C58. A non-resident alien not engaged in business in the Philippines, but with income from the Philippines:S1: Is ta xed at twenty-five percent (25%) of gross income from within the Philippines S2: Is entitled to personal exemptions on the basis of reciprocity a. True, True b. False, False c. True, False d. False, True A59. The following, except one, may claim personal exemptions: a. Non-resident alien not engaged in trade or business in the Philippines b. Non-resident alien engaged in trade or business in the Philippines c. Resident alien d. Citizen D60. S1: If a taxpayer marries or has dependents during the year, or dies during the year, or his spouse dies during the year, he/his estate may claim personal exemption in full for such yearS2: If a dependent child dies within the year, or becomes twenty-one years old within the year, the taxpayer may still claim additional exemption a. True, False b. False, True c. False, False d. True, True A61. Who among the following is a non-resident alien? a. An alien who comes to the Philippines for a definite purpose which in its nature may be promptly accomp lished b. An alien who comes to the Philippines for a definite purpose which in its nature would require an extended stay c. An alien who has acquired residence in the Philippines d. An alien who lives in the Philippines with no definite intention as to his stay D62.All the following statements, except one, are correct. Which is wrong? a. April 15, August 15, November 15 of the current year, and April 15 of the succeeding year, are dates (last day) for filing the quarterly income tax returns of the individual who is self-employed b. April 15 is the last day for filing the annual income tax return of an individual who is self-employed c. April 15 is the last day for filing of the income tax return for individuals who have gross compensation income only, but whose income tax returns show income tax due or refundable d.The dates will be other than the dates mentioned in (a) to (c) if the individual has a fiscal year accounting period D63. One of the following statements is not correct. Which is it? a. For domestic corporations, the capital gain tax on sale of shares of stock are the same as the capital gain tax on such assets of resident citizens of the Philippines b. The final tax on interest on foreign currency deposit under the expanded foreign currency deposit system for domestic corporations is the same as that of resident citizens of the Philippines at seven and one-half percent (7. %) c. Dividends received by a domestic corporation from a domestic corporation subject to tax is exempt from the income tax of the corporation receiving the dividend d. Prizes exceeding Php 10,000. 00 received by a domestic corporation is subject to a final tax of twenty percent (20%) A64. S1: The minimum corporate income tax of a trading or manufacturing concern is based on net sales less cost of sales S2: The minimum corporate income tax of a service concern is based on net revenues or receipts less direct cost of services a. True, True . False, False c. True, False d. False, True D65. All the following are true, except one. Which is the exception: a. A domestic corporation is subject to the minimum corporate income tax on MCIT gross income from within and outside the Philippines b. A resident corporation is subject to the minimum corporate income tax on MCIT gross income from within the Philippines c. A non-resident corporation is not subject to the minimum corporate income tax d. The optional gross income tax (GIT) applies to domestic and resident corporations

Emily: A Case Study in Adolescent Development Essay

Abstract This case study details the developmental milestones of an adolescent girl named Emily. Emily is 12 years old and lives with her mother who is a single parent. According to many theorists and researches, because she is being raised by a single mother, Emily is an at-risk adolescent who may have trouble properly hitting developmental milestones along with her peers. After observing Emily in her natural environment, then spending time interacting with Emily and interviewing her mother Elizabeth, I found that Emily is a typically developing adolescent. Emily has developed before or along with her peers physically, cognitively, and psychosocially. Emily appears to be developing a healthy sense of independence and self concept. Finally, Emily is healthy and appears to be progressing through puberty at a normal rate. Emily: A Case Study In Adolescent Development Emily is a 12-year-old girl. Since birth she has lived with her mother Elizabeth in a small South Carolina town – population 60,000. She was an only child until three years ago when her brother Wade was born. Emily’s mother Elizabeth is a single mother. Emily has never met her own father but had grown close to Wade’s father, her step dad, when he died nine months ago from Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. Emily’s mother According to Milstead and Perkins (2010), a child’s family is central to their successful development. Their research suggests that children who are raised in non-traditional families are at a disadvantage is all areas of development as well as socioeconomically. This case study will examine typical physical, cognitive, and psychosocial milestone of adolescent children and if 12-year-old Emily has been negatively affected in these areas as a result of her living in a single parent home. LITERATURE REVIEW At 12 years old Emily is entering adolescence. It is during adolescence that puberty begins. The time of adolescence is a time of rapid changes and physical growth in children. Rapid growth occurs in the bones and muscles, changes in body shape and size occur, and sexual maturation begins, essentially ending childhood. Beginning with hormonal changes, including an increase in estrogen and progesterone, girls typically begin experiencing pubescent changes at the approximate age of eight. Soon after, the uterus and vagina begin to grow larger and girls begin to develop breast buds. Around the age of eleven, girls begin to develop pubic hair. Girls can expect their weight and height to increase during this time as well. As girls a girl’s body begins to prepare for menarche, their hips will become wider. The first menstrual period typically occurs around the age of twelve; however, this can happen earlier for some girls and much later for others. Puberty continues through the age of 18 as girls breasts fully develop and their first ovulation occurs (Berger, 2011). In addition to sexual development during puberty, adolescents develop physically as well. A growth spurt occurs during adolescence where nearly every body part grows, most notably at different and uneven rates. According to Berger (2011), the fingers and toes of an adolescent grow longer before the hands and feet. The hands and feet grow longer before the arms and legs, and the arms and legs grow longer before the torso. It is not uncommon for an adolescent’s body to appear unsymmetrical. â€Å"One foot, one breast, or even one ear may grow later than the other,† (Berger, 2011, p. 393). The hormones responsible for puberty and growth spurts in adolescent girls are also responsible for emotional changes. It is not uncommon for girls experiencing these hormone changes to have sudden outbursts of anger, sadness, or even lust. Neurological changes occur as the â€Å"limbic system, responsible for intense fear and excitement from the amygdale, matures before the prefrontal cortex, where planning ahead, emotional regulation, and impulse control occur,† (Berger, 2011, p 400). These neurological changes often lead adolescents to throw caution to the wind, especially in social situations. Adolescents are more likely to act impulsively. Their impulsive behaviors coupled with their increase in hormones and interest in  sexual activities puts adolescents at risk for sexual abuse and early pregnancy (Berger, 2011). During adolescence, physical and hormonal changes aren’t the only changes occurring. Brain maturation also occurs and cognitive growth increases. Adolescent children will experience increased independence, a heightened sense of self-consciousness, the ability to think more abstractly. According to Swiss developmental psychologist and philosopher, Jean Piaget, adolescents develop the ability to use abstract logic, in contrast to children in early and middle childhood who primarily only have the ability to think in concrete terms (Goncu, & Abel, 2011). In addition, during adolescence, identity struggles often begin. Developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst, Erik Erickson, described this stage of development as identity versus role confusion. According to Erickson, an adolescent’s mission during this state is to unearth who they are as individuals, apart from their families and as members of society at large. Futile navigation of this stage, according to Erickson, results in role confusion and upheaval. Adolescents develop a sense of personal identity through many avenues including religion, politics, natural abilities, and gender. Merging childhood events, social ideals, and their distinctive ambitions, identity is developed. However, according to Erickson, adolescents seldom reach identity and role confusion is more probable (Boddington, 2009). OBSERVATION AND INTERACTION Emily is attending a birthday party for one of her peers at school. The party is being held at a local church, in the church’s social hall. According to Emily’s mother this is not the first birthday party that Emily had attended where both boys and girls are present; however, it is the first co-ed party that she has attended since she began showing an interest in boys. Most of the girls are wearing dresses and shoes with modest heels; their hair perfectly tended to with hints of gloss on their lips and blush on their cheeks. Emily wears blue jeans, a blue and white stripped long sleeved shirt and boat shoes. Her normal blond curls have been flattened with a straightening iron, according to her mother. Emily likes her hair better  straight and she hates dresses. Emily is tall, standing at 5 feet 6 inches tall. She weighs 150 pounds. Her body is well proportioned and she does not appear to be overweight. Emily has developed breasts and she has the appearance of some acne on her chin and forehead. The overhead fluorescent lights are dimmed in the social hall but the area is lit well with blue, red, and green lights which flash in sync with the music playing over a pair of large speakers. A DJ encourages the 28 eleven and twelve year olds to join the only two boys on the dance floor. The room is divided. Girls stand near a row of metal folding chairs lining a wall. The boys gather near a stage on the far end of the room. Emily’s mother Elizabeth is also attending the party as a chaperone. Elizabeth motions for Emily to come to her three times during a thirty minute period in an effort to encourage Emily to join the others on the dance floor. Each time Emily ignores her mother’s encouragements. The third time Emily’s eyes grow wide and from across the room she mouths the word â€Å"stop† to Elizabeth. Nearly an hour into the party, the girls scream with delight when a popular song begins to play and several rush to the dance floor. Emily rushes to the dance floor with a number of other girls and they begin to dance to the music. Song after song, Emily and her group of friends stay on the dance floor. They stop occasionally to chat with one another but never leave the dance floor. Emily dances and laughs with her female friends for nearly an hour before the group is called to have birthday cake and watch as the birthday girl opens presents. While the children are eating Emily socializes with both her female and male friends. She is particularly friendly with a male named Dawson. The two stand beside one another and talk while their friend opens her birthday presents. She playfully hits him on the arm six times during their exchange. She blushes as he playfully hit her back. Soon the group of adolescents is back on the dance floor for another half hour of dancing before the party is over. This time both the boys and girls are on  the dance floor together. Emily dances alongside both her female and male friends for the remainder of the party. As the party comes to close, Emily hugs each one of her female friends’ goodbye as they leave. When Elizabeth summons Emily to leave the party, Emily shouts out to Dawson, telling him goodbye. On Sunday afternoon, Elizabeth welcomes me to spend time with Emily in the family’s home. Emily’s family lives in a modest three bedroom, two bath house in a popular neighborhood on the North side of town. Their large fenced in back yard is filled with bright colored, plastic play-things belonging to Emily’s younger brother Wade. Emily’s purple Next bicycle leans against a wall in the home’s garage. The bicycle is much too small for her growing stature and Emily readily admits that she hasn’t ridden the bike in at least a year. Nothing else in the yard or garage suggests that a young girl live there but inside the home tells a different story. On the kitchen counter lays a knotted green ribbon with long blonde hairs tangled within the knot. Emily explains that she wore the ribbon on St. Patrick’s Day this year because she had no other green in her wardrobe. Lying on the family couch is a blue and purple fleece blanket and a fuzzy heart -shaped fuchsia pillow donning the words â€Å"Drama Queen.† It’s Emily’s favorite pillow. The floor in the living area is scattered with green toy tractors and an incomplete train set. Leaving the living area and entering the long narrow hallway, Emily’s bedroom is the first room on the left. Her doorway stands open but a handmade foam door hanger hangs from the door knob reading â€Å"Do Not Enter.† Emily’s room is pink and while with accents of black and grey. Her hot pink sheets peek out from under the wrinkled black and white polka dot comforter on her bed. Her bedroom walls are adorned with pictures of her favorite singers, Cody Simpson and Selena Gomez. A large bean bag chair takes up much of the floor space in her bedroom. A large bookcase runs nearly the length of one wall while a keyboard and microphone stand sit against the opposite wall. Emily loves to sing and often spends a great deal of her time singing along with her favorite musicians on her karaoke machine. A framed piece of child-drawn art hangs to the right of her bed. Emily says she completed the work in third grade. It depicts a boy who is seemingly stuck inside of a glass bottom room. Emily explains the technique  she used is called foreshadowing. When asked if it has an underlying leans, Emily whips her hair and nonchalantly replies that it does not. Emily is welcoming and excited to show off her space and her things, including her three dance trophies and her second place youth photography ribbon she won at last year’s South Carolina Festival of Flowers. Emily is creative and has an artistic side through her love of music, photography, drawing and painting, and dance. I inquire more about Emily’s art work and she pulls from her closet several pieces of art work sandwiched between two pieces of cardboard. She carefully pulls out several pieces of art and tells me how old she was when she completed it. Before we can finish, Emily’s phone alerts her that she has a text message. For the next 15 minutes Emily sends and receives text messages from her cell phone. She tells me that she is discussing an upcoming school trip to Philadelphia with her friend Jenny. They are discussing room arrangements. After texting with Jenny, Emily shows me information she has printed from the internet pertaining to her trip to Philadelphia. Emily says she is excited about the trip as she has never been away from home for more than two or three days at a time. She will be in Philadelphia for six days. Emily says she cannot wait to go and excitedly explains how she will be staying in a hotel room with three of her female friends, without an adult. Emily explains that the girls will stay on the third floor of the hotel while the boys will stay on the second floor. Emily receives another text message just as I am leaving. She says goodbye without looking up from her cell phone. INTERVIEW Elizabeth is a thirty-two year old mother of two. She gave birth to Emily at the age of nineteen. Emily was born December 10, 1999 by cesarean section after a full term pregnancy. Emily’s mother Elizabeth reports no prenatal problems and no complications during labor. At birth Emily weighed seven pounds and eleven ounces. She was twenty one inches long. According to the Centers for Disease Control (2000) Emily’s weight put her in the thirty sixth percentile for newborns and her height put her in the ninety third percentile for newborns. As an infant, Emily was breast fed for seven months, according to Elizabeth. Elizabeth explains that as an infant, a  toddler, and a young child, Emily hit all of her developmental milestones early, including puberty which began for Emily around age nine. Emily’s father is not active in Elizabeth and Emily’s lives. Emily has never met her father. Elizabeth explains that Emily’s father attended college with her. They were casually dating when Elizabeth became pregnant. Emily’s father did not want anything to do with Elizabeth after she told him she was pregnant. After finding out that she was pregnant, Elizabeth quit school until she gave birth to Emily then quickly returned to finish her degree. Elizabeth obtained a four year degree in marketing from a local college when Emily was three. She now works for a major hotel chain as their director of communications. Elizabeth earns $43,000 annually. She has no other income. Elizabeth grew up in the Catholic Church but left the church as a teen. Today she is a member of a local Presbyterian church. Elizabeth considers herself an authoritative parent. She says that while she has great deal of expectations for her children, she also has a close and warm relationship with each of them. She says her relationship with Emily has become closer since Emily has begun middle school. Elizabeth believes that it is most important that her children trust her. She explains that she wants her children to feel as if they can talk to her about anything. Elizabeth expects Emily to perform well in school and says Emily has not ever been in trouble at school because Elizabeth does not tolerate disobedience, especially in school. Elizabeth believes she holds the three traits that she says make a great parent: she commands respect; she works constantly to ensure good communication with her children so that they trust her, and she has clear expectations of her children. Elizabeth says that if she were to give new parents three pieces of advice she would impress upon them how quickly time passes. â€Å"Enjoy every minute, and don’t take one second for granted,† she says. Elizabeth says she would also tell new parents to make sure they make time for themselves. Finally, Elizabeth says she would tell them to be honest with their children. â€Å"Share your life experiences with them. Tell them the things you did right and the things you did wrong. Tell them about the lessons you’ve learned. Children learn to respect you and trust you in that sense.† FINDINGS Emily is nine months shy of her thirteenth birthday. Emily is five feet, six inches tall. She weighs one hundred and fifty pounds. According to the Centers for Disease Control (2000), Emily’s height is greater than the ninety seventh percentile for height. Emily is at the ninety seventh percentile for weight. Although Emily is taller and heavier than more than ninety five percent of her peers, according to her mother, Emily has hit developmental milestones earlier than her peers since she was an infant. Furthermore, Emily is currently experiencing puberty, an expected occurrence at her age. She has developed breasts and she has had her first menstrual period. Emily is not sexually active, according to her mother and therefore she is currently not at risk for early pregnancy. Cognitively, Emily is progressing as a typical 12 year old girl. She displays eagerness to establish a sense of independence from her mother with her upcoming school trip to Philadelphia. She looks forward to being away from her mother, and proving to both her mother and herself that she is maturing in the ability to make her own choices. Emily’s cognitive development is also apparent in the choices she made when dressing and styling her hair for the birthday party she attended. Emily’s mother explained that Emily used a straightening iron on her hair because she was not fond of her naturally curly hair. This demonstrates that Emily has developed a sense of self-consciousness. Lastly, Emily’s psychosocial development is apparent in that Emily is working to develop her own identity. Although Emily’s friends wore dresses to the birthday party, Emily opted for blue jeans and boat shoes. Emily chose to wear what she was comfortable wearing instead of what social norms would have her wear. In addition, Emily knows what she loves. She immerses herself in her art, her music, and her photography. While her friends are participating in sports and trying out for cheerleading, Emily is comfortable in her own vocation and does not seem eager to change. SUMMARY Emily is a typically developing 12 year old girl. It does not appear that her physical, cognitive, and psychosocial development has been negatively affected by her growing up in a single parent home. While Emily’s development is far from over, for now she appears to be progressing well, and developing into a healthy, secure and socially responsible young woman. REFERENCES Berger, K. (2011). The Developing Person Through the Life Span, eighth ed. New York, NY: Worth Publishers. Boddington, E. N. (2009). _Cognitive Process of Development in Children_. Online Submission. Goncu, A., & Abel, B. (2011). The child’s conception of the world: A 20th-century classic of child psychology, Second Edition. Edited by Jean Piaget, Forward by Jacques Voneche. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc, Lanham, MD, 2007. pp. 432. Price:  £19.99, â‚ ¬31.48†¦ Infant & Child Development, 20(2), 246-248. doi:10.1002/icd.719 Milstead, K., & Perkins, G. (2010). Family Structure Characteristics and Academic Success: Supporting the Work of School Counselors. Academic Leadership (15337812), 8(4), 19. National Center for Desease Control and Prevention (May 30, 2000). CDC growth charts. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/growthcharts/data/set1clinical/cj41c022.pdf.

Commercialization of Culture essays

Commercialization of Culture essays Advertisements, mass production, sacrificing quality for time and quantity, the desire for bigger and better, these are the problems of commercialism. Commercialism has been advancing nearly unnoticed by most consumers even since Babylonian times. But, what makes it harmful enough to be explained in a paper? Everyday we sit in our homes desiring goods and services that we do not need or may not even want, and discussing issues that have little or no importance to our lives other than to make small talk. Everyday we work hard to buy stuff that is better or at least equal to what society considers normal. As our former president Herbert Hoover even stated prior to the Great Depression, what he would have liked to see in every American household is "Two cars in every garage" (The American President: Herbert Hoover, 2002). We are fashioning ourselves to be boringly equal cogs in one giant corporate machine, and in turn, are losing our culture to business and propaganda. When a new "hipper" culture appears, commercialists explode the culture across the United States like a plague. What average adult would not know what a skateboard is, what reggae music is, or what Middle East tension is. We have all been commercialized by the news, advertisements, and businesses, for which we are sacrificin g our beliefs, traditions, and everyday things that classifies us as humans. What is stopping future generations from becoming overweight, non-constructive, violence-promoting couch potatoes, who only move to grab something to eat or to procreate? Our society is training us to become such objects, and something must be done. If lack of culture is not enough, think economics, nearly all products are focused towards the average consumer, or "all individuals or households that want goods and services for personal consumption or use and have the resources to buy them" (Nickels, McHugh, J., & McHugh, S., 2002, p. 409). This means that no matter how po...

The Middle Kingdom Period of Ancient Egypt

The Middle Kingdom Period of Ancient Egypt Running from the end of the first intermediate period to the start of the second, the Middle Kingdom lasted from about 2055-1650 B.C. It was composed of part of the 11th Dynasty, the 12th Dynasty, and current scholars add the first half of the 13th Dynasty. Predynastic EgyptPharaohs of the Predynastic Period, Old Kingdom and Middle Kingdom Middle Kingdom Capital When 1st Intermediate Period Theban king Nebhepetra Mentuhotep II (2055-2004) reunited Egypt, the capital was at Thebes. Twelfth Dynasty king Amenemhat moved the capital to a new town, Amenemhat-itj -tawy (Itjtawy), in the Faiyum region, possibly near the necropolis at Lisht. The capital remained at Itjtawy for the rest of the Middle Kingdom. Middle Kingdom Burials During the Middle Kingdom, there were three types of burials: surface graves, with or without coffinshaft graves, usually with coffintombs with coffin and sarcophagus. Mentuhotep IIs mortuary monument was at Deir-el-Bahri in western Thebes. It was not the saff-tomb type of previous Theban rulers nor the reversion to Old Kingdom types of 12th Dynasty rulers. It had terraces and verandahs with groves of trees. It may have had a square mastaba tomb. His wives tombs were in the complex. Amenemhat II built a pyramid on a platform the White Pyramid at Dahshur. Senusret IIIs was a 60-m high mud-brick pyramid at Dashur. Acts of the Middle Kingdom Pharaohs Mentuhotep II made military campaigns in Nubia, which Egypt had lost by the 1st Intermediate Period. So did Senusret I under whom Buhen became Egypts southern border. Mentuhotep III was the first Middle Kingdom ruler to send an expedition to Punt for incense. He also built fortifications at Egypts northeastern border. Senusret instituted the practice of building of monuments at every cult site and paid attention to the cult of Osiris. Khakheperra Senusret II (1877-1870) developed the Faiyum irrigation scheme with dykes and canals. Senusret III (c.1870-1831) campaigned in Nubia and built fortresses. He (and Mentuhotep II) campaigned in Palestine. He may have gotten rid of the nomarchs who had helped cause the breakdown leading to the 1st Intermediate Period. Amenemhat III (c.1831-1786) engaged in mining operations that made heavy use of Asiatics and may have led to the settling of Hyksos in the Nile Delta. At Fayum a dam was built to channel Nile overflow into a natural lake to be used as needed for irrigation. Feudal Hierarchy of the Middle Kingdom There were still nomarchs in the Middle Kingdom, but they were no longer independent and lost power over the period. Under the pharaoh was the vizier, his chief minister, although there may have been 2 at times. There were also chancellor, overseer, and governors of Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. Towns had mayors. The bureaucracy was supported by taxes assessed in kind on yields (e.g., farm produce). Middle and lower class people were forced into labor which they could avoid only by paying someone else to do it. The pharaoh also gained wealth from mining and trade, which appears to have extended to the Aegean. Osiris, Death, and Religion In the Middle Kingdom, Osiris became the god of the necropolises. Pharaohs had participated in mystery rites for Osiris, but now [rivate individuals also took part in these rites. During this period, all people were thought to have the spiritual force or ba. Like the rites of Osiris, this had formerly been the province of kings. Shabtis were introduced. Mummies were given cartonnage masks. Coffin texts adorned the coffins of ordinary people. Female Pharaoh There was a female pharaoh in the 12th Dynasty, Sobekneferu/Neferusobek, daughter of Amenemhat III, and possibly half-sister of Amenemhet IV. Sobekneferu (or possibly Nitocris of the 6th Dynasty) was the first ruling queen of Egypt. Her rule of Upper and Lower Egypt, lasting 3 years, 10 months and 24 days, according to the Turin Canon, was the last one in the 12th Dynasty. Sources The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt. by Ian Shaw. OUP 2000.Detlef Franke Middle Kingdom The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt. Ed. Donald B. Redford, OUP 2001

International Dimensions Of Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

International Dimensions Of Business - Essay Example Briefly, the Haier Company came in existence by the year 1984 in a Qingdao, in the Shandong province. Following this, the company specifically does manufacture home appliances over 15,100 products. Consequently, the above data did basis on 96 categories of different specifications. Back in 2006 April, the Haier firm had come to 6,189 mark of original technology products that they had manufactured. To add on that the company did acquire software certificates of about 589 from intellectual property rights. Essentially, the Haier products in marketed their products in over 100 different countries. Apparently, the Haier Company sponsored the Beijing 2008 Olympics games (Nancy & Allison, 2008, p.90). In summary, the company has its headquarters in the Shandong province at a place known as Qingdoa in the republic of china. Additionally, the company has almost 50,000 employees worldwide and has over 240 subsidiaries. Concerning the financial status, the company has revenue of about 103.4 bi llion RMB that is global. Consequently, this averages to 68% annual growth between the year of 1984 and 2005.Haier Company is the most profound company that has undergone dynamic changes. Furthermore, it is now the most successful company globally. Therefore, it is important for one study the company. The company gathers a range of issues that are comprehensive for one to learn. Some of the subsidiaries that came to be on the list were Qingdao Haier Company, limited on the stock exchange of the Shanghai as well as the Haier electronic group limited that was listed in the Hong Kong stock exchange. As most companies, the Haier had to have business tock as follows: manufacturing and product development, trade, research on technology and lastly the finance services. Notably, the company did stick on its line of production for several issues namely; freezers, microwave ovens, washing machines, televisions, computers, mobile phones and lastly commercial air conditioners. In the summary of the introduction Haier Company came into existence in the year 1984, in the Qingdao city in the province of Shandong, and lastly, it is in china. It was the first white goods company of the china republic and eventually, it did distribute its products in five continents, which are 160 countries. The company had over 70 thousand employees over the world. Ranking Subsequently, during the year of 2006, Haier Company was in 86th position out of 500 of most prominent brands. Notably one of its achievements was that this is the only company that came to top 100 positions consecutively for three years. It is noteworthy that the company improved its reputation in that it was the first among the Chinese brands to acquire appropriate recommendations in its financial reports globally by the year 2006. The reports came in generation by the Canada state and in addition, the group got world climate rewards from the U.S.in summery, this is few achievements of the Haier Company. The productions of the Haier Company Following this, the Haier Company did manufacture a wide range of products from refrigerating cabinets, air conditioners, computers, water heaters, and home theater, televisions, and mobiles phones among the many that have not been in mention. Furthermore, Haier is leading in the technology domains of home furniture that are integrated by intelligence, digitization, and extensive integration of circuits. Haier’ global branding deal Company did aim at getting to a position of local brand in several markets worldwide in concurrence with the superior competitiveness of the product in relation to tough corporate operation. International business structure comprises of the universal design network, production, distribution and as far as procurement of after sale services (Shaw & Onkvisit, 2008).